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Paediatrics Fellowship
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Age-aware, exam-exhaustive general paediatrics topic guides.
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Chapters · 27
genetics-dysmorphology-and-metabolism
34
acute-care-resuscitation-and-toxicology
31
investigations-procedures-and-technology
34
gastroenterology-hepatology-and-nutrition
40
preventive-and-community-paediatrics
37
neurology-neurodisability-and-neuromuscular
40
child-safety-and-social-paediatrics
32
nephrology-urology-fluids-and-electrolytes
34
paediatric-dermatology
21
endocrinology-diabetes-and-growth
32
ent-hearing-and-oral-health
21
mental-behavioural-and-psychosomatic
26
rheumatology-musculoskeletal-and-sports
31
pain-palliative-and-end-of-life-care
13
cardiology
35
respiratory-sleep-and-airway
35
adolescent-and-young-adult-medicine
28
growth-development-and-behaviour
34
clinical-pharmacology-and-therapeutics
22
rural-remote-and-contextual-paediatrics
14
clinical-assessment-and-reasoning
26
allergy-and-immunology
25
haematology-oncology-and-transfusion
33
infectious-diseases
39
fetal-neonatal-and-perinatal
58
professional-practice-and-evidence
35
ophthalmology
17
01
genetics-dysmorphology-and-metabolism
34 entries
22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Acute metabolic decompensation: recognition and stabilisation
Amino-acid disorders including phenylketonuria and MSUD
Chromosomal microarray, exome and genome sequencing
Dietary, cofactor and emergency management of metabolic disease
Disorders of metal metabolism: Wilson and Menkes disease
Down syndrome
Dysmorphology examination and syndrome recognition
Ethical issues in genomic diagnosis and cascade testing
Fatty-acid oxidation disorders
Fragile X syndrome
Genetic deafness and blindness syndromes
Genetic history, pedigree construction and inheritance patterns
Genomic testing, variant interpretation and counselling
Glycogen-storage and carbohydrate metabolism disorders
Hypoglycaemia due to inherited metabolic disease
Inborn errors presenting with neurological regression
Klinefelter syndrome and sex chromosome aneuploidy
Lysosomal storage disorders
Marfan syndrome and heritable connective-tissue disorders
Mitochondrial disease
Mucopolysaccharidoses and oligosaccharidoses
Neurofibromatosis type 1 and type 2
Noonan syndrome and RASopathies
Organic acidaemias
Peroxisomal disorders
Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes
Prenatal diagnosis and reproductive genetics
Skeletal dysplasias
Syndromic craniosynostosis and craniofacial disorders
Tuberous sclerosis complex
Turner syndrome
Urea-cycle disorders and hyperammonaemia
Williams syndrome
02
acute-care-resuscitation-and-toxicology
31 entries
ABCDE assessment and stabilisation of the acutely ill child
Airway assessment and basic airway management
Altered conscious state in children
Burns assessment, resuscitation and safeguarding
Button-battery and magnet ingestion
Cardiogenic and obstructive shock
Cardiorespiratory arrest and post-arrest care
Cardiotoxic and psychotropic medication poisoning
Care after death, unexpected child death and family support
Difficult paediatric airway and emergency front-of-neck access
Envenomation and marine bites
Fluid bolus therapy and vasoactive support
Heat illness, hypothermia and environmental emergencies
Humane restraint and behavioural support in emergency care
Hydrocarbon, caustic and household chemical exposure
Hypovolaemic and haemorrhagic shock
Initial stabilisation of major paediatric head injury
Iron, salicylate and toxic alcohol poisoning
Major trauma and paediatric trauma systems
Mechanical ventilation principles in children
Oesophageal and gastrointestinal foreign-body ingestion
Opioid, sedative and recreational-drug toxicity
Oxygen, high-flow and non-invasive respiratory support
Paediatric basic and advanced life support
Paracetamol poisoning
Poisoned child: structured assessment and decontamination
Rapid sequence intubation in children
Retrieval, transport and interfacility stabilisation
Septic shock resuscitation and vasoactive support
Shock in children: physiology and classification
Submersion injury and hypothermia
03
investigations-procedures-and-technology
34 entries
Abdominal radiograph and acute imaging decisions
Abscess drainage and minor procedures
Airway suction, oxygen devices and nebuliser technique
Artificial intelligence and clinical decision support in paediatrics
Audiology and hearing-test interpretation
Bag-mask ventilation and basic airway adjuncts
Blood gas, electrolyte and acid-base interpretation
Bone-marrow aspiration and biopsy principles
Central venous and arterial access in children
Chest decompression and intercostal drain insertion
Chest radiograph interpretation in children
Defibrillation, cardioversion and transcutaneous pacing
Developmental, cognitive and behavioural assessment tools
Echocardiography fundamentals for general paediatricians
Electrocardiogram acquisition and interpretation in children
Endotracheal intubation and emergency airway equipment
Gastrostomy, tracheostomy and central-line troubleshooting
Genetic and metabolic test selection
Intraosseous access
Joint aspiration
Lumbar puncture in infants and children
Medical devices, digital health and remote monitoring
Nasogastric tube insertion and verification
Neuroimaging selection and radiation-aware practice
Paediatric ultrasound and point-of-care ultrasound
Paediatric venepuncture and peripheral intravenous access
Point-of-care glucose, ketone and urinalysis testing
Procedural consent, preparation and child-life support
Procedural pain: topical anaesthesia, preparation, distraction and non-pharmacological support
Radiation protection and imaging stewardship
Safe paediatric procedural sedation
Simple laceration repair and wound management
Suprapubic aspiration and urinary catheterisation
Umbilical venous and arterial catheterisation
04
gastroenterology-hepatology-and-nutrition
40 entries
Abdominal wall and umbilical disorders
Acute abdominal pain in children
Acute gastroenteritis and infectious diarrhoea
Acute liver failure
Acute vomiting in infants and children
Appendicitis and surgical abdomen
Ascites and peritoneal disease
Bilious vomiting and intestinal obstruction
Breastfeeding medicine and lactation support
Chronic and recurrent abdominal pain
Chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and portal hypertension
Coeliac disease
Constipation and faecal incontinence
Dysphagia and oesophageal disorders
Enteral feeding tubes and home enteral nutrition
Feeding assessment and paediatric dysphagia
Food protein-induced enterocolitis and enteropathy
Formula feeding and complementary feeding
Functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome
Gastro-oesophageal reflux and reflux disease
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Hirschsprung disease
Inflammatory bowel disease
Intussusception
Liver transplantation in children
Malnutrition: nutritional rehabilitation and monitoring
Malrotation and volvulus
Micronutrient deficiencies
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children
Normal nutritional requirements across childhood
Nutritional management of chronic disease
Oesophagitis, caustic ingestion and oesophageal injury
Paediatric feeding disorder: nutritional and gastrointestinal management
Pancreatitis and pancreatic disorders
Parenteral nutrition and refeeding syndrome
Peptic disease and Helicobacter pylori
Persistent and chronic diarrhoea
Polyps and inherited gastrointestinal cancer syndromes
Short-bowel syndrome and intestinal failure
Viral, autoimmune and metabolic hepatitis
05
preventive-and-community-paediatrics
37 entries
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander child health
Adolescent preventive health care
Air pollution, tobacco smoke and vaping exposure
Cardiovascular risk screening in childhood
Catch-up immunisation and uncertain vaccination history
Childcare attendance, exclusion and infection prevention
Childhood injury prevention and anticipatory guidance
Climate change, heat and child health
Community needs assessment and child-health advocacy
Developmental and behavioural screening
Drowning prevention and water safety
Environmental health and children's exposure risks
Global child health and sustainable paediatric care
Housing insecurity, food insecurity and child health
Immunisation principles and national schedule comparison
Indigenous child health and culturally safe care
Infant health supervision: 3 to 6 months
Infant health supervision: 6 to 12 months
Infant health supervision: birth to 3 months
Lead exposure and poisoning prevention
Māori child health, Te Tiriti and culturally safe care
Newborn bloodspot screening for inherited metabolic disease and follow-up
Newborn hearing screening
Newborn preventive care and screening
Passenger, bicycle, pedestrian and firearm safety
Population health, epidemiology and prevention in paediatrics
Preschool health supervision
Preventive paediatrics and the well-child visit
Rural, regional and remote child-health inequities
Safe sleep and sudden unexpected death prevention
School health and school-based care
School-age health supervision
Screening test principles in children
Sun protection and skin cancer prevention
Toddler health supervision: 1 to 3 years
Vaccine contraindications, precautions and adverse events
Vaccine hesitancy and risk communication
06
neurology-neurodisability-and-neuromuscular
40 entries
Absence, focal and generalised epilepsies
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and demyelinating disease
Acute neuromuscular respiratory failure
Antiseizure medicines: selection, adverse effects and monitoring
Ataxia in children
Autoimmune encephalitis
Brain death, death by neurological criteria and organ donation
Cerebral vascular malformations
Concussion and mild traumatic brain injury
Congenital myopathies and muscular dystrophies
Developmental regression and neurodegeneration
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy
Epilepsy syndromes by age
Febrile seizures
First seizure and seizure mimics
Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute flaccid paralysis
Headache and migraine in children
Hydrocephalus and shunt emergencies
Hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury
Infantile spasms and developmental epileptic encephalopathy
Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury
Movement disorders, dystonia and chorea
Myasthenia gravis and neuromuscular junction disorders
Neural tube defects and spinal dysraphism
Neurodegenerative and leukodystrophy disorders
Neurogenetic conditions and precision diagnosis
Neurological examination across childhood
Neurorehabilitation and acquired brain injury
Non-epileptic events and functional seizures
Paediatric stroke and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis
Pain, feeding and respiratory care in severe neurodisability
Peripheral neuropathies
Secondary headache and raised intracranial pressure
Sleep disorders with neurological disease
Spasticity, dystonia and tone management
Spinal cord compression and transverse myelitis
Spinal muscular atrophy
Status epilepticus
Tics and Tourette syndrome
Transition and advance care planning in neurodisability
07
child-safety-and-social-paediatrics
32 entries
Abusive head trauma
Caregiver-fabricated or induced illness
Child maltreatment recognition and response
Child sexual abuse and assault assessment
Children in out-of-home care and foster care
Expert reports and court evidence in child protection
Female genital mutilation or cutting
Homelessness and housing instability
Inflicted abdominal and thoracic injury
Inflicted burns and scalds
Inflicted fractures and other non-accidental musculoskeletal injury
Intimate partner violence and its impact on children
Intra-oral injury and occult trauma
Kinship care, adoption and permanency health assessments
Mandatory reporting and jurisdictional child-protection frameworks
Medical neglect and refusal of care
Multidisciplinary child-protection case conference
Neglect and supervisory neglect
Online sexual exploitation and image-based abuse
Perplexing presentations and diagnostic uncertainty
Photodocumentation and medicolegal evidence
Physical abuse: bruising and sentinel injuries
Poisoning as maltreatment
Poverty, food insecurity and social prescribing
Prevention of child maltreatment and family support
Psychological and emotional abuse
Refugee, asylum-seeking and newly arrived children
Sexually transmitted infections and child sexual abuse
Strangulation, suffocation and asphyxial injury
Trafficking, exploitation and forced marriage
Trauma-informed examination and forensic documentation
Youth justice and detained young people
08
nephrology-urology-fluids-and-electrolytes
34 entries
Acid-base disorders in children
Acute kidney injury
Acute nephritic syndrome and glomerulonephritis
Antenatal hydronephrosis and postnatal evaluation
Calcium, magnesium and phosphate disorders
Chronic kidney disease and progression
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract
Dehydration and oral or intravenous rehydration
Fluid maintenance and deficit replacement
Haematuria: diagnostic approach
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia
Hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia
Hypospadias, cryptorchidism and common male genital disorders
IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis nephritis
Inherited tubulopathies
Kidney replacement therapy and dialysis in children
Kidney transplantation in children
Lupus nephritis and systemic disease
Nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis
Neurogenic bladder and dysfunctional voiding
Nocturnal enuresis
Oedema and nephrotic syndrome
Oliguria, anuria and urinary obstruction
Polycystic kidney disease and inherited nephropathies
Polyuria and polydipsia
Post-infectious glomerulonephritis
Posterior urethral valves
Proteinuria: diagnostic approach
Renal tubular acidosis
Scrotal pain and testicular torsion
Urinalysis, renal function and paediatric kidney assessment
Vesicoureteric reflux
Vulvovaginal and common prepubertal gynaecological disorders
09
paediatric-dermatology
21 entries
Acne vulgaris in adolescents
Alopecia and hair disorders in children
Approach to rash in infants and children
Congenital melanocytic naevi and pigmentary birthmarks
Contact dermatitis
Drug eruptions including DRESS and AGEP
Epidermolysis bullosa and inherited blistering disorders
Genodermatoses and neurocutaneous skin findings
Impetigo and bacterial skin infection
Molluscum contagiosum and viral warts
Nail disorders in children
Nappy dermatitis
Neonatal pustular and vesiculobullous eruptions
Petechiae, purpura and vasculitic rashes
Psoriasis in children
Scabies, lice and infestations
Seborrhoeic dermatitis and cradle cap
Skin manifestations of systemic disease
Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis
Tinea and fungal skin infection
Vascular birthmarks and infantile haemangioma
10
endocrinology-diabetes-and-growth
32 entries
Acquired hypothyroidism and Hashimoto thyroiditis
Adrenal insufficiency and adrenal crisis
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Congenital hypothyroidism
Constitutional delay and familial short stature
Cushing syndrome in children
Delayed puberty and hypogonadism in adolescents
Diabetes insipidus and polyuria-polydipsia
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Disorders of sex development
Endocrine emergencies: integrated approach
Endocrine late effects of cancer treatment
Growth hormone deficiency and excess
Hypercalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism
Hyperthyroidism and Graves disease
Hypocalcaemia and hypoparathyroidism
Hypoglycaemia in diabetes
Hypopituitarism and pituitary lesions
Lipid disorders and familial hypercholesterolaemia
Monogenic diabetes and neonatal diabetes
Obesity: assessment, complications and treatment
Osteoporosis and fragility fractures in children
Phaeochromocytoma and endocrine hypertension
Precocious puberty
Rickets and metabolic bone disease
Short stature and poor linear growth
SIADH and disorders of water balance
Tall stature and overgrowth syndromes
Thyroid nodules, goitre and thyroid cancer
Type 1 diabetes: diagnosis and initial management
Type 1 diabetes: insulin therapy, technology and ambulatory care
Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in youth
11
ent-hearing-and-oral-health
21 entries
Acute and chronic rhinosinusitis
Acute otitis media
Ankyloglossia and infant feeding
Cleft lip and palate
Congenital ear anomalies and microtia
Dental caries, enamel disease and oral-health prevention
Dental trauma and avulsed teeth
Drooling, dysphagia and upper-aerodigestive disorders
Epistaxis in children
Facial swelling and odontogenic infection
Hearing assessment and childhood hearing loss
Mastoiditis and otogenic complications
Nasal foreign body and button-battery injury
Neck masses in children
Oral manifestations of systemic disease
Oral ulcers and mucosal disease
Otitis externa
Otitis media with effusion and grommet decisions
Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, peritonsillar abscess and deep neck infection
Salivary gland disorders
Tinnitus, vertigo and balance disorders in children
12
mental-behavioural-and-psychosomatic
26 entries
Acute behavioural disturbance and agitation
Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents
Attachment disorders and relational trauma
Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder
Child and adolescent suicide and self-harm assessment
Children of parents with mental illness or substance use
Chronic fatigue and post-viral fatigue syndromes
Collaborative care with child and adolescent mental-health services
Conduct disorder and antisocial behaviour
Delirium in children and adolescents
Depressive disorders in children and adolescents
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Early-onset psychosis and mania
Emergency mental-health assessment and disposition
Family assessment and family interventions
Functional neurological symptoms in children
Grief, bereavement and adjustment disorder in children
Mental state examination in children and adolescents
Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children
Pica and rumination disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder and trauma responses
Psychological impact of chronic illness and disability
Psychopharmacology and psychotropic medicines in children and adolescents
Selective mutism
Somatic symptom and related disorders
Substance intoxication, withdrawal and use disorders in youth
13
rheumatology-musculoskeletal-and-sports
31 entries
Acute monoarthritis and septic arthritis
ANCA-associated and other childhood vasculitides
Angular, rotational and gait variants
Back pain in children and adolescents
Bone pain and malignancy red flags
Clubfoot and congenital limb anomalies
Common paediatric fractures and growth-plate injury
Concussion and return to learn or play
Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Heat illness, exertional collapse and sudden death prevention
IgA vasculitis
Juvenile dermatomyositis
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Musculoskeletal examination and the limping child
Nursemaid's elbow and common upper-limb injury
Osteomyelitis and discitis
Pain amplification, juvenile fibromyalgia and complex regional pain syndrome
Performance-enhancing substances in young athletes
Periodic fever and autoinflammatory syndromes
Perthes disease
Pre-participation sports evaluation
Primary immunodeficiency with rheumatic manifestations
Reactive arthritis and post-infectious inflammatory syndromes
Relative energy deficiency in sport and athlete nutrition
Scleroderma, mixed connective-tissue disease and overlap syndromes
Scoliosis and spinal deformity
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Sports injury prevention and overuse injuries
Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and macrophage activation syndrome
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Transient synovitis and the irritable hip
14
pain-palliative-and-end-of-life-care
13 entries
Acute nociceptive pain management
Care in the last days of life
Chronic primary and secondary pain in children
Grief, bereavement and sibling support
Neuropathic pain in children
Opioid stewardship and complex analgesia
Organ and tissue donation in children
Paediatric palliative care principles and referral
Pain assessment across developmental and cognitive abilities
Palliative care in cancer
Palliative care in neurodisability and genetic disease
Symptom control in serious paediatric illness
Withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining treatment
15
cardiology
35 entries
Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease
Adult congenital heart disease transition
Aortic and pulmonary stenosis
Atrial septal defect and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return
Atrioventricular septal defect
Bradyarrhythmias, heart block and pacing
Cardiac transplantation and ventricular assist devices
Cardiogenic shock and mechanical circulatory support
Cardiomyopathies in children
Cardiovascular examination and murmur assessment
Coarctation and interrupted aortic arch
Congenital coronary anomalies and anomalous left coronary artery
Cyanotic newborn and critical congenital heart disease screening
Duct-dependent congenital heart disease: recognition and stabilisation
Ebstein anomaly and tricuspid valve disease
Exercise evaluation and sports participation in heart disease
Heart failure in infants and children
Hypertension in children
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Infective endocarditis
Innocent murmurs and normal paediatric cardiovascular variants
Kawasaki disease and coronary complications
Long-QT syndrome and channelopathies
Myocarditis and pericarditis
Patent ductus arteriosus
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Pulmonary hypertension in children
Supraventricular tachycardia
Syncope and orthostatic intolerance
Tetralogy of Fallot
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Transposition of the great arteries
Truncus arteriosus and single-ventricle physiology
Ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death
Ventricular septal defect
16
respiratory-sleep-and-airway
35 entries
Acute severe and life-threatening asthma
Aspiration, swallowing dysfunction and chronic lung injury
Asthma diagnosis and long-term control
Behavioural insomnia and circadian rhythm disorders
Bronchiectasis in children
Bronchiolitis and viral lower respiratory tract infection
Central sleep apnoea and hypoventilation syndromes
Chronic cough: diagnostic approach
Community-acquired pneumonia
Congenital lung and airway malformations
Croup
Cystic fibrosis: diagnosis and screening
Cystic fibrosis: pulmonary and multidisciplinary management
Epiglottitis and bacterial tracheitis
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
Foreign-body aspiration
Interstitial lung disease in children
Laryngomalacia, tracheomalacia and vocal-cord dysfunction
Narcolepsy and hypersomnolence
Neuromuscular respiratory failure and airway clearance
Non-invasive ventilation and home respiratory support
Obstructive sleep apnoea in children
Oxygen therapy and home oxygen in children
Paediatric sleep investigations: polysomnography, sleep-study interpretation and MSLT
Pleural effusion and empyema
Pneumothorax and air-leak syndromes
Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Pulmonary haemorrhage and haemoptysis
Recurrent pneumonia and localised lung disease
Recurrent wheeze in preschool children
Respiratory distress and failure in children
Respiratory manifestations of systemic disease
Spirometry and paediatric pulmonary-function testing
Tracheostomy care and emergencies
Upper-airway obstruction and stridor
17
adolescent-and-young-adult-medicine
28 entries
Adolescent chronic pain and functional symptoms
Adolescent consent for research and sensitive services
Adolescent consultation, HEEADSSS assessment and confidentiality
Adolescent health care for young people in out-of-home care
Adolescent health in rural and remote settings
Adolescent pregnancy and parenting
Adolescent risk assessment and harm minimisation
Adolescent sexual health and contraception
Adolescent substance-use screening, brief intervention and harm reduction
Chronic disease self-management in young people
Consent and confidential care for adolescents
Digital media, gaming and cyberbullying
Dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstrual bleeding
Eating disorders: recognition and medical instability
Eating disorders: refeeding and multidisciplinary care
Gender diversity and gender-affirming paediatric care
Medication adherence and treatment fatigue
Menstrual disorders in adolescents
Normal puberty and adolescent development
Obesity and body-image concerns in adolescents
Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents
School refusal, bullying and social exclusion
Sexual orientation, identity and inclusive care
Sexually transmitted infection screening and management
Sleep, fatigue and circadian disorders in adolescents
Tobacco, vaping and nicotine dependence
Transition readiness and transfer from paediatric to adult health services
Youth violence, risky behaviour and injury prevention
18
growth-development-and-behaviour
34 entries
Adolescent transition for neurodevelopmental disability
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Augmentative communication, assistive technology and adaptive equipment
Autism spectrum disorder
Behavioural assessment and functional analysis
Behavioural management of defiance and oppositional behaviours
Cerebral palsy: early recognition and classification
Cerebral palsy: surveillance and multidisciplinary management
Children with developmental disability in acute care
Children with disability in school and community settings
Developmental assessment: history, examination and standardised tools
Developmental coordination disorder
Developmental delay: global diagnostic approach
Developmental regression: urgent diagnostic approach
Early intervention and developmental care planning
Family-centred developmental care and goal setting
Feeding problems, food refusal and selective eating
General movements assessment and Hammersmith infant neurological examination
Hearing impairment and development
Intellectual developmental disorder
Motor delay, hypotonia and the floppy infant
Neurodiversity-affirming developmental care
Normal cognitive, emotional and behavioural development
Normal growth from fetal life through adolescence
Normal language, communication and social development
Normal motor development and developmental variation
School refusal and school attendance problems
Sensory processing differences
Social communication concerns and autism recognition
Specific learning disorders
Speech and language delay
Temper tantrums, aggression and emotional dysregulation
Toilet training and elimination behaviour
Visual impairment and development
19
clinical-pharmacology-and-therapeutics
22 entries
Adverse drug reactions and pharmacovigilance
Analgesics and antipyretics
Cardiovascular medicines in children
Chemotherapy and supportive pharmacology
Complementary, alternative and traditional medicines
Corticosteroid therapy and adverse effects
Developmental pharmacology and age-related pharmacokinetics
Drug interactions and medication reconciliation
Endocrine and diabetes medicines
Immunosuppressive and biologic therapies
Inhaled therapies and device selection
Medication adherence and formulation challenges
Off-label and unlicensed medicine use
Opioids and acute pain medicines
Pharmacogenomics and precision therapeutics
Poisoning antidotes and toxicology pharmacology
Procedural sedation medicines
Renal and hepatic dose adjustment in children
Safe prescribing, administration and monitoring
Therapeutic drug monitoring
Vaccines and immunobiology
Weight-based dosing, body-surface area and dose calculation
20
rural-remote-and-contextual-paediatrics
14 entries
Advocacy, policy and health-service design for rural children
Avoiding racism and institutional bias in child health
Child protection in small and remote communities
Disaster, outbreak and public-health response for children
Environmental, occupational and agricultural child health
Implementing culturally safe Indigenous care in rural and remote services
Refugee, immigrant and humanitarian paediatrics
Remote prescribing and medication access
Retrieval coordination and transfer risk
Rural developmental, disability and mental-health care
Rural general paediatric practice and scope
Rural newborn and acute paediatric care
Stabilisation with limited paediatric resources
Telepaediatrics and remote specialist support
21
clinical-assessment-and-reasoning
26 entries
Age-specific normal vital signs and physiological ranges
Care of children with medical complexity and technology dependence
Clinical reasoning, problem representation and differential diagnosis
Continuity of care and the paediatric medical home
Developmental surveillance and milestone assessment
Diagnostic test selection and Bayesian reasoning in paediatrics
Failure to thrive and faltering growth: diagnostic approach
Fatigue and lethargy in children and adolescents
Growth measurement, charting and interpretation
Handover, referral and consultation in paediatrics
Illness severity, deterioration and track-and-trigger systems
Incidental findings and overdiagnosis in children
Interpreting common paediatric laboratory reference ranges
Lymphadenopathy and organomegaly: diagnostic approach
Medication reconciliation and polypharmacy in children
Multimorbidity and diagnostic overshadowing in children
Oedema in children: diagnostic approach
Paediatric history and age-adapted consultation
Pallor in children: diagnostic approach
Poor feeding in infants and children
Recognising the seriously ill child and paediatric assessment triangle
Safe disposition, escalation, referral and safety-netting
Shared-care planning across primary, secondary and tertiary care
Structured physical examination from newborn to adolescent
Telehealth assessment and remote examination of children
Weight loss in children and adolescents
22
allergy-and-immunology
25 entries
Allergic disease in children: integrated approach
Allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis
Anaphylaxis prevention, action plans and autoinjectors
Anaphylaxis: recognition and emergency management
Antibody deficiencies
Atopic dermatitis and the atopic march
Complement deficiencies
Cow's-milk protein allergy
Drug allergy and delabelling in children
Egg, wheat, soy, fish and shellfish allergy
Food allergy diagnosis and oral food challenge
Food allergy management and prevention
Immune dysregulation, lymphoproliferation and autoinflammatory disease
Immunoglobulin replacement and antimicrobial prophylaxis
Insect-sting hypersensitivity
Latex allergy
Oral allergy syndrome and pollen-food syndrome
Peanut, tree-nut and seed allergy
Phagocyte disorders
Primary immunodeficiency: warning signs and diagnostic approach
Secondary immunodeficiency
Serum sickness and serum-sickness-like reactions
T-cell and combined immunodeficiencies
Urticaria and angioedema
Vaccination of immunocompromised children
23
haematology-oncology-and-transfusion
33 entries
Anaemia: diagnostic approach
Aplastic anaemia and bone-marrow failure
Bleeding child: diagnostic approach
Blood-component therapy in children
Bone and soft-tissue sarcomas
Brain and spinal tumours
Cancer therapy complications and supportive care
Childhood cancer warning signs and diagnostic pathways
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Febrile neutropenia and infection in oncology
Full blood count and blood-film interpretation in children
G6PD deficiency and enzymopathies
Germ-cell tumours
Haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation
Haemolytic anaemia: diagnostic approach
Hereditary spherocytosis and membrane disorders
Iron deficiency anaemia
Leukaemia in children
Long-term follow-up and late effects of childhood cancer
Lymphoma in children
Megaloblastic and macrocytic anaemia
Neuroblastoma
Neutropenia and neutrophil disorders
Pancytopenia and marrow infiltration
Sickle cell acute complications
Sickle cell disease: diagnosis and health maintenance
Thalassaemia syndromes
Thrombocytopenia and immune thrombocytopenia
Transfusion reactions and massive transfusion
Tumour lysis syndrome and oncologic emergencies
Venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism and thrombophilia in children
Von Willebrand disease
Wilms tumour and renal malignancies
24
infectious-diseases
39 entries
Animal bites, arthropod bites and zoonoses
Antimicrobial pharmacology, selection, dosing and stewardship in children
Approach to fever by age and immune status
Bacteraemia and occult bloodstream infection
Brain abscess and intracranial suppuration
Cellulitis, abscess and necrotising soft-tissue infection
Common viral exanthems, including roseola and erythema infectiosum
Congenital syphilis and perinatal sexually transmitted infections
COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Dengue and other arboviral infections
Device-associated and healthcare-associated infection
Enteric fever and invasive bacterial enteritis
Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infection
Fever in the returned traveller
Fungal infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised children
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease and enterovirus infection
Hepatitis A, B, C and E in children
Herpes simplex infection in children
HIV exposure and infection in children
Infection prevention, isolation and outbreak management
Infections in immunocompromised children
Influenza and antiviral treatment
International adoption, immigration and refugee infection screening
Malaria in children
Measles, rubella and congenital rubella
Meningitis and encephalitis
Mumps
Paediatric sepsis: diagnosis, antimicrobial treatment and source control
Parasitic infections in children
Pertussis
Prolonged, recurrent and periodic fever
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Travel medicine and pre-travel advice for children
Tuberculosis in children
Undifferentiated fever and fever without a source in infants and children
Urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis
Vaccine-preventable disease outbreak response
Varicella and herpes zoster
Viral upper respiratory tract infection and the common cold
25
fetal-neonatal-and-perinatal
58 entries
Antenatally detected kidney and urinary-tract anomalies: newborn management
Antenatally diagnosed fetal conditions: paediatric planning
Apnoea of prematurity
Bilious vomiting and neonatal intestinal obstruction
Birth trauma and brachial plexus injury
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and chronic neonatal lung disease
Cephalhaematoma and subgaleal haemorrhage
Congenital and perinatally acquired infections
Congenital anomalies and dysmorphic newborn assessment
Congenital heart disease presenting in the newborn
Conjugated jaundice and neonatal cholestasis, including biliary atresia
Extremely preterm infant: viability and periviable counselling
Family-integrated developmental care in NICU
Fetal assessment, prenatal screening and counselling
Fetal growth restriction and small-for-gestational-age infant
Follow-up after high-risk birth and NICU discharge: growth and neurodevelopmental surveillance
Gestational age assessment and preterm classification
Haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
Hearing loss in high-risk neonates
Human milk, fortification and preterm nutrition
Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy and therapeutic hypothermia
Intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia
Large-for-gestational-age infant and infants of diabetic mothers
Late preterm infant: risks and follow-up
Maternal disease, medication and substance effects on the fetus
Meconium aspiration syndrome
Necrotising enterocolitis and spontaneous intestinal perforation
Neonatal abstinence and withdrawal syndromes
Neonatal acute kidney injury
Neonatal air-leak syndromes
Neonatal anaemia, polycythaemia and thrombocytopenia
Neonatal bacterial infection and sepsis: risk assessment and management
Neonatal cyanosis and collapsed neonate
Neonatal fluid, electrolyte and nutritional management
Neonatal gastro-oesophageal reflux and aspiration
Neonatal hypothermia and thermoregulation
Neonatal hypotonia and neuromuscular weakness
Neonatal jaundice: unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
Neonatal pain assessment and procedural comfort
Neonatal palliative care and end-of-life decision-making
Neonatal respiratory distress: diagnostic approach
Neonatal resuscitation and post-resuscitation stabilisation
Neonatal seizures and encephalopathy
Neonatal skin disorders and birthmarks
Neonatal stroke and intracranial haemorrhage
Neonatal transport and retrieval
Newborn examination and screening
Parenteral nutrition in neonates
Patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Perinatal infection screening and prevention
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Poor feeding and feeding intolerance in the neonate
Preterm infant: immediate and longitudinal care
Respiratory distress syndrome of prematurity
Retinopathy of prematurity
Routine care of the healthy newborn
Transient tachypnoea of the newborn
Transition at birth and delayed cord clamping
26
professional-practice-and-evidence
35 entries
Best-interests decisions and treatment limitation
Biostatistics for paediatric exams
Breaking bad news and serious-illness communication
Clinical epidemiology and measures of effect
Clinician wellbeing, fatigue and sustainable practice
Communicating risk and uncertainty to families
Confidentiality with children and adolescents
Conflict, complaints and difficult clinical encounters
Consent, parental responsibility and mature-minor frameworks
Developmentally appropriate communication
Diagnostic accuracy and screening statistics
Ethical allocation of resources in paediatrics
Evidence-based medicine and critical appraisal
Family-centred and child-rights-based care
Goals-of-care conversations and advance care planning for children
Health literacy and accessible paediatric information
High-value care, stewardship and avoiding low-value interventions
Implementation science and translating evidence into practice
Interpreting systematic reviews and clinical guidelines
Leadership and interprofessional team management
Medication safety and error prevention in children
Medicolegal documentation and expert evidence
Open disclosure and duty of candour
Paediatric consultation with child, young person and family
Paediatric study design and bias
Patient safety, human factors and systems thinking
Professional boundaries and social media
Quality improvement methods in child health
Recognition, reporting and analysis of adverse events
Refusal of treatment and disagreement over care
Research ethics and assent in paediatric research
Shared decision-making and assent in children
Teaching, supervision and feedback in paediatrics
Trauma-informed paediatric care
Working with interpreters and culturally responsive communication
27
ophthalmology
17 entries
Colour vision deficiency and inherited retinal disease
Congenital cataract and glaucoma
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction
Conjunctivitis and red eye
Cortical visual impairment
Leukocoria and retinoblastoma
Ocular trauma and chemical injury
Ophthalmia neonatorum
Ophthalmic manifestations of systemic disease
Paediatric eye examination and red-reflex assessment
Papilloedema and optic nerve disorders
Preseptal and orbital cellulitis
Refractive error in children
Strabismus and ocular motility disorders
Urgent ophthalmology referral and childhood vision loss
Uveitis in children
Visual development, amblyopia and vision screening in childhood