Screening test principles in children

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Target exams

Red flags

• Screening offered with no timely confirmatory or treatment pathway
• Positive screen treated as a diagnosis without confirmation
• Negative screen used to dismiss new symptoms
• Low-prevalence positive result assumed to mean disease is likely
• Commercial multi-disease panel sold as population screening without net-benefit evidence
• Lost follow-up after a positive newborn or school screen
• Coercive consent that hides false-positive and residual-risk language

Life stages

Care settings

Clinical exam formats

Board mappings

• General and Community Paediatrics
• Clinical Sciences — Epidemiology and evidence-based practice
• Current 2026 PREP curriculum — Learning Objective related to preventive health and screening in general paediatrics
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 6: Clinical management – essential general paediatrics
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 12: Communication with patients, families, and health professionals
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 15: Essential general paediatrics
• Clinical Applications
• Evidence-based practice
• Long Cases
• Short Cases
• 2. Professional skills and knowledge: Communication
• 4. Professional skills and knowledge: Patient management
• 5. Health promotion and illness prevention
• 7. Patient safety, including safe prescribing
• Foundation of Practice (FOP)
• Applied Knowledge in Practice (AKP)
• History
• Communication
• Clinical
• General Pediatrics Content Outline — Domain 1: Preventive Pediatrics/Well-Child Care
• General Pediatrics Content Outline — research and evidence-based practice
• General Pediatrics EPA 1: Provide a Medical Home for Well Children of All Ages
• General Pediatrics EPA 3: Provide Well-Child Care and Anticipatory Guidance
• Patient Care 1: History and Physical Examination
• Patient Care 5: Patient Management
• Medical Knowledge 1: Clinical Reasoning
• Systems-Based Practice 3: System Navigation for Patient Centered Care – Coordination of Care
• Practice-Based Learning and Improvement
• Health Advocate
• Medical Expert
• Communicator
• Scholar
• Pediatrics: Foundations EPA — Providing well-child care including preventive screening assessment
• Pediatrics: Core EPA — Managing preventive care across the paediatric age spectrum