Structured physical examination from newborn to adolescent

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Target exams

Red flags

• Airway threat, severe work of breathing, fatigue or poor air entry during examination
• Shock signs: mottling, weak pulses, prolonged CRT with altered interaction
• Absent or white red reflex, or new unequal red reflexes
• Positive Ortolani, limited abduction, or unstable hip findings needing timely pathway
• Pathological murmur features, weak femoral pulses, or cyanosis at rest
• Unexplained bruising in non-mobile infants or concerning bruise patterns
• Forced examination, missed confidential adolescent needs, or incomplete safeguarding exam

Life stages

Care settings

Clinical exam formats

Board mappings

• General and Community Paediatrics
• Current 2026 PREP curriculum — Learning Objective 1.2.1: Communicate with a child or young person in a way which is appropriate to the position of that child within their own culture
• Current 2026 PREP curriculum — Learning Objective 2.2.1: Recognise, prioritise and manage an acutely ill infant, child or young person
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 5: Clinical assessment – essential general paediatrics
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 9: Clinical assessment and management – child safety and maltreatment
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 10: Clinical assessment and management – developmental and behavioural paediatrics
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 12: Communication with patients, families, and health professionals
• Renewed curriculum for first-year trainees from 2027 — Learning goal 15: Essential general paediatrics
• Clinical Applications
• Long Cases
• Short Cases
• 2. Professional skills and knowledge: Communication
• 3. Professional skills and knowledge: Clinical procedures
• 4. Professional skills and knowledge: Patient management
• 9. Safeguarding vulnerable children
• General Paediatrics: Recognises, investigates and manages safeguarding issues, including providing advice to general practitioners, other healthcare professionals and social care providers
• Foundation of Practice (FOP)
• Theory and Science (TAS)
• Applied Knowledge in Practice (AKP)
• Clinical
• Development
• History
• Communication
• General Pediatrics Content Outline — Domain 1: Preventive Pediatrics/Well-Child Care
• General Pediatrics Content Outline — Domain 8: Child Abuse and Neglect
• General Pediatrics Content Outline — Universal Task 3: Diagnosis
• General Pediatrics Content Outline — Universal Task 4: Management and Treatment
• Patient Care 3: Organize and Prioritize Patient Care
• Patient Care 4: Clinical Reasoning
• Interpersonal and Communication Skills 1: Patient- and Family-Centered Communication
• Medical Expert
• Pediatrics: Transition to Discipline EPA #1 — Performing and presenting a basic history and physical examination
• Pediatrics: Foundations EPA #8 — Communicating assessment findings and management plans to patients and/or families
• Pediatrics: Core EPA #8 — Recognizing and managing suspected child maltreatment and/or neglect