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Anaesthesia
Anaes vivas
365 vivas for Anaesthesia.
365
Units
71
Chapters
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Chapters · 71
Vascular anaesthesia
5
Depth of anaesthesia & awareness
5
Acute pain & multimodal analgesia
4
Local anaesthetic pharmacology
6
Obstetric anaesthesia
10
Cardiac anaesthesia
7
Thoracic anaesthesia
7
Head & neck / ECT
1
General surgery anaesthesia
5
Neuroanaesthesia
10
Perioperative medicine
13
Ophthalmic anaesthesia
5
Anaesthesia for the elderly and the co-morbid patient
1
Anaesthesia
6
Anaesthetic ventilators
4
Orthopaedic anaesthesia
2
Critical incidents & patient safety
4
Plastics and burns anaesthesia
3
Cardiac anaesthesia & cardiopulmonary bypass
4
Neuraxial anaesthesia
9
Chronic & cancer pain
4
Ethics, consent & medicolegal
4
Anaesthetic adjuncts
18
Breathing systems & circuits
4
Intravenous induction agents
9
Vasopressors & inotropes
3
Trauma & massive haemorrhage
3
Invasive monitoring
4
Enhanced recovery (ERAS)
3
Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity
3
Anaesthetic machine
1
Vaporisers
3
Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks
6
Perioperative cardiac arrest
3
Measurement & monitoring physics
21
Perioperative fluid & goal-directed therapy
4
Applied cardiovascular & respiratory physiology
38
Electricity, diathermy & theatre safety
3
Volatile & inhalational agents
12
Neuromuscular blockade & reversal
11
Anaphylaxis under anaesthesia
3
Anaesthesia for the co-morbid & elderly
3
Patient safety, human factors & CRM
4
Airway management & difficult airway
4
Day-case & ambulatory anaesthesia
3
Extubation & recovery
4
Preoperative assessment & risk
3
Paediatric anaesthesia
8
Malignant hyperthermia
3
Aspiration & regurgitation
3
Medical gases & gas supply
3
Opioids & analgesics
3
Postoperative nausea & vomiting
3
Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis
4
Thoracic anaesthesia & one-lung ventilation
3
TIVA & target-controlled infusion
5
The anaesthetic machine
3
Applied anatomy
8
Physiology
1
Airway management
12
Physiology, physics and equipment
2
Regional anaesthesia
3
Subspecialty anaesthesia
1
Applied pharmacology
1
Obstetric physiology
1
Head & neck / trauma airway
1
Regional / perioperative medicine
1
Neuro / orthopaedic anaesthesia
1
Head & neck / ENT anaesthesia
1
Applied physiology — thermoregulation
1
Trauma and massive haemorrhage
1
01
Vascular anaesthesia
5 entries
AAA open repair versus EVAR: anaesthetic decision matrix — viva
Aortic cross-clamp physiology: clamp-on and clamp-off — viva
Carotid endarterectomy: GA versus awake and cerebral monitoring — viva
Perioperative cardiac risk: Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) — viva
Thoracoabdominal aortic surgery and spinal cord protection — viva
02
Depth of anaesthesia & awareness
5 entries
Accidental awareness — communication and clinical viva
Accidental awareness under general anaesthesia — Viva
Clinical viva — the awareness-prevention checklist
Data viva — the BIS trace and the deep-anaesthesia harm
Equipment viva — the Bispectral Index monitor
03
Acute pain & multimodal analgesia
4 entries
Acute pain & multimodal analgesia — Viva
Clinical viva — the perioperative pain plan
Data viva — the pain assessment tools
Equipment viva — the ultrasound for the fascial-plane blocks
04
Local anaesthetic pharmacology
6 entries
Amide local anaesthetics compared
Clinical viva — choosing the local anaesthetic and calculating the dose
Data viva — the ASRA LAST checklist
Local anaesthetic adjuvants
Local anaesthetic dosing and toxicity
Local anaesthetic pharmacology
05
Obstetric anaesthesia
10 entries
Amniotic fluid embolism — viva
Anaesthesia for placenta accreta spectrum — viva
Caesarean spinal hypotension and technique choice — viva
Cardiac disease in pregnancy — viva
Clinical viva — spinal vs GA for caesarean section
Data viva — the cardiotocograph (CTG) and the anaesthetic implications
Equipment viva — preparation for the obstetric GA
Failed intubation in obstetrics: OAA/DAS algorithm and wake-versus-proceed — viva
Obstetric anaesthesia — Viva
Postpartum haemorrhage: uterotonic ladder, tranexamic acid, and massive obstetric haemorrhage — viva
06
Cardiac anaesthesia
7 entries
Anaesthesia for adult congenital heart disease — viva
Anaesthesia for aortic dissection and major aortic surgery — viva
CABG anaesthesia: on-pump and off-pump — viva
Cardiopulmonary bypass circuit: components, physiology, and anaesthetic priorities — viva
Heparin, protamine, and coagulopathy on CPB — viva
Myocardial protection and cardioplegia — viva
Weaning from bypass and low cardiac output — viva
07
Thoracic anaesthesia
7 entries
Anaesthesia for anterior mediastinal mass — viva
Anaesthesia for bronchoscopy and shared airway surgery — viva
Anaesthesia for lung transplantation — viva
Anaesthesia for oesophagectomy — viva
One-lung ventilation physiology and the hypoxaemia management algorithm — viva
Pulmonary hypertension and COPD in thoracic anaesthesia — viva
VATS lobectomy anaesthesia and postoperative analgesia — viva
08
Head & neck / ECT
1 entry
Anaesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) — viva
09
General surgery anaesthesia
5 entries
Anaesthesia for emergency laparotomy — viva
Anaesthesia for endoscopy and ERCP — viva
Elective general surgery and ERAS: anaesthetic contribution — viva
Laparoscopic general surgery: pneumoperitoneum physiology and anaesthesia — viva
TURP/TURM and major gynaecological anaesthesia: TURP syndrome and shared themes — viva
10
Neuroanaesthesia
10 entries
Anaesthesia for intracranial aneurysm and AVM — viva
Awake craniotomy anaesthesia — viva
Clinical viva — the awake craniotomy
Data viva — the sudden fall in the end-tidal CO2
Equipment viva — intracranial pressure monitor
Neuroanaesthesia — Viva
Neuromonitoring — viva
Pituitary transsphenoidal — viva
Posterior fossa cranial nerve — viva
Venous air embolism in the sitting position: detection, prevention, and management — viva
11
Perioperative medicine
13 entries
Anaesthesia for obesity and bariatric surgery — viva
Anaesthesia for renal failure and dialysis — viva
Anaesthesia for the solid organ transplant recipient — viva
Anaesthesia in remote sites and the MRI environment — viva
Anticoagulation and neuraxial/regional anaesthesia — viva
Blood products and massive transfusion — viva
Hepatic failure and liver transplant anaesthesia — viva
Intraoperative cell salvage — viva
Jehovah's Witness and bloodless perioperative care — viva
Opioid-tolerant chronic pain perioperative care — viva
Perioperative management of diabetes mellitus — viva
Preoperative anaemia and iron therapy — viva
Sepsis under anaesthesia — viva
12
Ophthalmic anaesthesia
5 entries
Anaesthesia for strabismus, cataract, and glaucoma surgery — viva
Oculocardiac reflex and intraocular pressure under anaesthesia — viva
Open-globe and penetrating eye injury anaesthesia — viva
Ophthalmic drugs with systemic effects for the anaesthetist — viva
Ophthalmic regional blocks: retrobulbar, peribulbar, sub-Tenon — viva
13
Anaesthesia for the elderly and the co-morbid patient
1 entry
Anaesthesia for the elderly and the co-morbid patient — Viva
14
Anaesthesia
6 entries
Anaesthesia Neurotoxicity Debate — viva
Labour Analgesia Epidural Cse — viva
Maternal Physiology Pregnancy — viva
Paediatric Analgesia Multimodal — viva
Paediatric Emergence Delirium Ponv — viva
Sick Child Sepsis Congenital Heart — viva
15
Anaesthetic ventilators
4 entries
Anaesthetic ventilators — Viva
Clinical viva — setting the ventilator for the routine case
Data viva — the airway-pressure and capnography traces
Equipment viva — the bellows anaesthetic ventilator
16
Orthopaedic anaesthesia
2 entries
Arthroplasty anaesthesia, ERAS, and blood conservation — viva
Tourniquet physiology, bone cement implantation syndrome, and fat embolism — viva
17
Critical incidents & patient safety
4 entries
Bilious fluid at induction — aspiration viva
Collapse minutes after an induction drug — anaphylaxis viva
Pressure falling to below 50 — perioperative arrest viva
Rising carbon dioxide on a volatile — MH viva
18
Plastics and burns anaesthesia
3 entries
Burn excision and grafting: blood loss, temperature, massive transfusion — viva
Burn resuscitation: Parkland formula, endpoints, and fluid creep — viva
Free flap reconstruction: perfusion-focused anaesthesia — viva
19
Cardiac anaesthesia & cardiopulmonary bypass
4 entries
Cardiac anaesthesia & cardiopulmonary bypass — Viva
Clinical viva — the post-CPB coagulopathy
Data viva — the TEE pre- and post-bypass
Equipment viva — the CPB machine
20
Neuraxial anaesthesia
9 entries
Caudal block for a child — clinical procedure viva
Clinical viva — contraindications to neuraxial anaesthesia
Combined spinal-epidural for caesarean — equipment viva
Data viva — assessing the block level
Epidural for labour — clinical procedure viva
Equipment viva — the epidural tray and the loss-of-resistance technique
Neuraxial anaesthesia — Viva
Spinal anaesthesia — clinical procedure viva
The neuraxial emergency — clinical communication viva
21
Chronic & cancer pain
4 entries
Chronic & cancer pain — Viva
Clinical viva — the multidisciplinary biopsychosocial management
Data viva — the DN4 neuropathic pain screen
Equipment viva — the spinal cord stimulation system
22
Ethics, consent & medicolegal
4 entries
Clinical viva — advance directive and end-of-life
Data viva — the Bolam and the Montgomery standards
Equipment viva — the anaesthetic consent form and the record
Ethics, consent & medicolegal — Viva
23
Anaesthetic adjuncts
18 entries
Clinical viva — choosing the adjuncts
Data viva — adrenaline among the catecholamines and vasopressors
Data viva — dobutamine and dopamine among the inotropes
Data viva — ephedrine among the perioperative vasopressors
Data viva — interpreting the metaraminol evidence base
Data viva — interpreting the phenylephrine evidence base
Data viva — noradrenaline among the vasopressors
Data viva — opioid receptors, biased agonism and opioid-induced hyperalgesia
Data viva — subanaesthetic ketamine as an analgesic adjunct
Data viva — the antiemetic classes and the PONV prophylaxis evidence
Data viva — the evidence base for the adjuncts
Data viva — the GABA-A receptor and the benzodiazepine binding site
Data viva — vasopressin among the vasopressors
Equipment viva — the multiple-infusion setup
Fentanyl versus remifentanil versus morphine
Methadone pharmacology and safety
Morphine versus fentanyl
Remifentanil versus fentanyl and alfentanil
24
Breathing systems & circuits
4 entries
Clinical viva — choosing the breathing system
Data viva — capnography signs of the breathing system problems
Equipment viva — breathing systems, circle checks and absorbent safety
Equipment viva — the circle system components
25
Intravenous induction agents
9 entries
Clinical viva — choosing the induction agent by the patient
Data viva — etomidate and the blocked adrenal pathway
Data viva — the bispectral index (BIS) trace
Data viva — the NMDA open-channel block versus the GABA-A allosteric site
Data viva — the three-compartment model of propofol
Data viva — thiopental and the GABA-A receptor
Equipment viva — the target-controlled infusion pump
Ketamine — Viva
Propofol — Viva
26
Vasopressors & inotropes
3 entries
Clinical viva — choosing the vasopressor
Data viva — the receptor profile chart
Equipment viva — the vasopressor infusion setup
27
Trauma & massive haemorrhage
3 entries
Clinical viva — damage control resuscitation principles
Data viva — the ROTEM trace in the trauma
Equipment viva — the rapid infuser and the MTP setup
28
Invasive monitoring
4 entries
Clinical viva — goal-directed therapy in practice
Data viva — interpreting the arterial and CVP waveforms
Equipment viva — the pressure transducer and the flush system
Invasive monitoring — Viva
29
Enhanced recovery (ERAS)
3 entries
Clinical viva — implementing ERAS protocol
Data viva — the ERAS compliance audit
Equipment viva — the goal-directed fluid monitor
30
Local anaesthetic systemic toxicity
3 entries
Clinical viva — LAST prevention strategy
Data viva — LAST toxicity stages chart
Equipment viva — lipid rescue kit
31
Anaesthetic machine
1 entry
Clinical viva — low-flow anaesthesia
32
Vaporisers
3 entries
Clinical viva — low-flow anaesthesia and the vaporiser
Data viva — the vaporiser output vs temperature curve
Equipment viva — the desflurane vaporiser
33
Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks
6 entries
Clinical viva — matching the block to the surgery
Data viva — interpreting the ultrasound image during a nerve block
Equipment viva — the ultrasound machine and the regional needle
Interscalene block — clinical procedure viva
Sonoanatomy — equipment and data viva
Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks — Viva
34
Perioperative cardiac arrest
3 entries
Clinical viva — obstetric perioperative arrest
Data viva — capnography during CPR
Equipment viva — defibrillator and arrest drugs
35
Measurement & monitoring physics
21 entries
Clinical viva — pacemaker patient needing diathermy
Clinical viva — the standards for the basic anaesthetic monitoring
Data viva — electrical safety in the operating theatre
Data viva — humidification devices and perioperative heat loss
Data viva — hypothesis testing, alpha, beta and power
Data viva — laminar vs turbulent flow
Data viva — MRI, laser and radiation safety
Data viva — pressure transducer and temperature sensors
Data viva — SI units and pressure conversions
Data viva — the 2x2 contingency table and diagnostic test performance
Data viva — the capnogram waveform
Data viva — the confounder triangle and the funnel plot
Data viva — the gas laws
Data viva — the hierarchy of evidence pyramid
Data viva — the normal capnogram and the abnormal traces
Data viva — the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve
Equipment viva — the pulse oximeter probe
Fluid flow: laminar, turbulent and the Reynolds number — Viva
Measurement & monitoring physics — Viva
Pressure and temperature measurement — physics viva
The gas laws — Viva
36
Perioperative fluid & goal-directed therapy
4 entries
Clinical viva — perioperative fluid approach
Data viva — Frank-Starling curve and fluid response
Equipment viva — the arterial line as a hemodynamic monitor
Perioperative fluid & goal-directed therapy — Viva
37
Applied cardiovascular & respiratory physiology
38 entries
Clinical viva — preoxygenation and the safe apnoea time
Data viva — adverse-drug-reaction classification and antidotes
Data viva — age-related physiological changes
Data viva — cerebral autoregulation
Data viva — context-sensitive half-time graph
Data viva — CSF circulation
Data viva — fetal-to-neonatal circulatory transition
Data viva — hepatic drug metabolism
Data viva — lung volumes and capacities
Data viva — perioperative hypothermia phases
Data viva — pharmacogenetic polymorphisms
Data viva — plasma protein binding and free fraction
Data viva — routes of administration and bioavailability
Data viva — Starling forces across a capillary
Data viva — the CO2 dissociation curve
Data viva — the coagulation cascade
Data viva — the conduction system and the ECG
Data viva — the endocrine axes
Data viva — the four hypersensitivity types
Data viva — the lung compliance curve
Data viva — the nephron segments
Data viva — the neuromuscular junction and drug sites
Data viva — the neuronal action potential
Data viva — the oxygen cascade
Data viva — the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve
Data viva — the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve and its shifts
Data viva — the physiological changes of pregnancy
Data viva — the RAAS cascade
Data viva — the splanchnic circulation
Data viva — the Stewart variables
Data viva — the stress-response cascade
Data viva — the three-compartment model
Data viva — the V/Q spectrum
Data viva — the ventilatory control loop
Data viva — the ventricular pressure-volume loop
Data viva — Vd, CL and t1/2 relationships
Equipment viva — the cardiac output monitor
Splanchnic & GI physiology — Viva
38
Electricity, diathermy & theatre safety
3 entries
Clinical viva — reducing the surgical-fire risk
Data viva — the diathermy artefact on the monitor
Equipment viva — the diathermy pen and the return plate
39
Volatile & inhalational agents
12 entries
Clinical viva — selecting the inhaled agent
Data viva — isoflurane and the volatile agents: comparison table
Data viva — the agent-analysis trace (inspired and end-tidal agent)
Data viva — the desflurane sympathetic surge and greenhouse-gas comparison
Data viva — volatile agents: potency and solubility
Equipment viva — the vaporiser
Halothane pharmacology
MAC and solubility: principles of volatile anaesthetic action — Viva
Nitrous oxide pharmacology
Partition coefficients and the mechanism of anaesthesia
Volatile & inhalational agents — Viva
Xenon pharmacology
40
Neuromuscular blockade & reversal
11 entries
Clinical viva — sugammadex dosing by depth of block
Data viva — the train-of-four trace
Equipment viva — the train-of-four nerve stimulator
Mivacurium and butyrylcholinesterase
Neostigmine versus sugammadex for reversal
Neuromuscular blockade & reversal — Viva
Quantitative neuromuscular monitoring
Rocuronium pharmacology and reversal
Sugammadex versus neostigmine
Suxamethonium: depolarising block and its problems
Vecuronium versus rocuronium and atracurium
41
Anaphylaxis under anaesthesia
3 entries
Clinical viva — the adrenaline protocol for perioperative anaphylaxis
Data viva — the serum tryptase result
Equipment viva — the anaphylaxis kit
42
Anaesthesia for the co-morbid & elderly
3 entries
Clinical viva — the comprehensive geriatric preoperative assessment
Data viva — the Clinical Frailty Scale
Equipment viva — the depth-of-anaesthesia monitor (BIS)
43
Patient safety, human factors & CRM
4 entries
Clinical viva — the crisis management principles
Data viva — the ANTS non-technical skills framework
Equipment viva — the WHO surgical safety checklist
Patient safety, human factors & CRM — Viva
44
Airway management & difficult airway
4 entries
Clinical viva — the DAS unanticipated difficult intubation algorithm
Data viva — the capnography waveform
Equipment viva — the videolaryngoscope
The difficult airway & rapid sequence induction — Viva
45
Day-case & ambulatory anaesthesia
3 entries
Clinical viva — the day-case discharge criteria
Data viva — the Apfel PONV risk score
Equipment viva — the target-controlled infusion (TIVA) pump
46
Extubation & recovery
4 entries
Clinical viva — the delayed emergence
Data viva — the Aldrete recovery score
Equipment viva — the airway exchange catheter
Recovery — clinical monitoring viva
47
Preoperative assessment & risk
3 entries
Clinical viva — the ESC/ESA algorithm for the preoperative cardiac assessment
Data viva — the preoperative ECG and the risk assessment
Equipment viva — the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET)
48
Paediatric anaesthesia
8 entries
Clinical viva — the inhalational induction technique
Data viva — the capnography trace during paediatric laryngospasm
Difficult and syndromic paediatric airway: anticipation, syndromes, and algorithms — viva
Equipment viva — the Broselow tape and paediatric dosing
Neonatal anaesthesia and the ex-preterm infant — viva
Paediatric fluids, fasting, and glucose: Holliday-Segar and safe maintenance — viva
Paediatric regional anaesthesia: caudal block dosing and safety — viva
Paediatric respiratory and cardiovascular physiology for the anaesthetist — viva
49
Malignant hyperthermia
3 entries
Clinical viva — the malignant hyperthermia crisis protocol
Data viva — the rising ETCO2 and temperature trace
Equipment viva — dantrolene and the MH pack
50
Aspiration & regurgitation
3 entries
Clinical viva — the modified RSI decision-making
Data viva — the gastric ultrasound antral grade
Equipment viva — the suction and the RSI set-up
51
Medical gases & gas supply
3 entries
Clinical viva — the oxygen sources in the resource-limited setting
Data viva — the N2O cylinder pressure gauge
Equipment viva — the gas cylinders and the yoke
52
Opioids & analgesics
3 entries
Clinical viva — the perioperative opioid strategy
Data viva — the context-sensitive half-time
Equipment viva — PCA pump
53
Postoperative nausea & vomiting
3 entries
Clinical viva — the PONV management strategy
Data viva — the Apfel score applied
Equipment viva — TIVA pump for PONV prevention
54
Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis
4 entries
Clinical viva — the VTE prophylaxis decision pathway
Data viva — the Caprini risk score
Equipment viva — the intermittent pneumatic compression
Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis — Viva
55
Thoracic anaesthesia & one-lung ventilation
3 entries
Clinical viva — thoracic anaesthetic technique
Data viva — the OLV blood-gas and the shunt fraction
Equipment viva — the double-lumen tube
56
TIVA & target-controlled infusion
5 entries
Clinical viva — TIVA setup and safe use
Data viva — predicted vs measured concentration
Effect-site TIVA — clinical and data viva
Equipment viva — the TCI pump
TIVA and TCI — equipment and data viva
57
The anaesthetic machine
3 entries
Data viva — a rising inspired CO2 on the capnograph
Equipment viva — the anaesthetic machine and its safety devices
Equipment viva — the flowmeters and the hypoxic guard
58
Applied anatomy
8 entries
Data viva — abdominal-wall layers and fascial planes
Data viva — cranial nerves and the autonomic outflows
Data viva — larynx and airway anatomy
Data viva — neck cross-section and central venous access
Data viva — neuraxial needle-path anatomy
Data viva — the brachial plexus M-shape
Data viva — the lumbosacral plexus
Data viva — the mediastinum and coronary supply
59
Physiology
1 entry
Data viva — concentration-time curves and the context-sensitive half-time
60
Airway management
12 entries
Data viva — Cormack-Lehane grade, BURP and the capnography confirmation
Data viva — first- versus second-generation supraglottic airway devices
Data viva — Mallampati class versus Cormack-Lehane grade
Data viva — the classical versus the modified rapid sequence induction
Data viva — the DAS 2015 algorithm and the Vortex approach applied to an unanticipated difficult airway
Data viva — the evidence base for video laryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy
Data viva — the sedation agents and the safety metrics for the awake fibreoptic intubation
Extubation of the difficult airway — clinical viva
The airway emergency — recognition and CRM
The difficult paediatric airway — a clinical scenario viva
The obstetric airway — changes, risk and preparation
THRIVE for the difficult airway — clinical viva
61
Physiology, physics and equipment
2 entries
Echocardiography and POCUS for the anaesthetist — Viva
Procedural sedation outside the OR — Viva
62
Regional anaesthesia
3 entries
Fascial plane blocks: TAP, ESP, and QL — viva
Lower limb regional anaesthesia: plexus and peripheral blocks — viva
Upper limb regional anaesthesia: brachial plexus approaches — viva
63
Subspecialty anaesthesia
1 entry
Head and neck anaesthesia — Viva
64
Applied pharmacology
1 entry
Intravenous induction agents — the receptor dichotomy, the recovery-by-redistribution, and the clinical selection
65
Obstetric physiology
1 entry
Maternal physiology — Viva
66
Head & neck / trauma airway
1 entry
Maxillofacial trauma airway management — viva
67
Regional / perioperative medicine
1 entry
Perioperative VTE prophylaxis and neuraxial anaesthesia timing — viva
68
Neuro / orthopaedic anaesthesia
1 entry
Prone spine surgery and perioperative visual loss — viva
69
Head & neck / ENT anaesthesia
1 entry
Shared airway laser fire — viva
70
Applied physiology — thermoregulation
1 entry
Thermoregulation and perioperative hypothermia — physiology viva
71
Trauma and massive haemorrhage
1 entry
Trauma and massive haemorrhage — Viva