Anaes Vivas · Neuromuscular blockade & reversal
Quantitative neuromuscular monitoring
Viva on train-of-four interpretation, the modes of monitoring, and the prevention of residual blockade.
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Prompt
A set of train-of-four traces: a non-depolarising block with fade (T4 less than T1), a depolarising block with four equal reduced twitches, and a recovered trace with TOF ratio 0.95.
Stimulus
A set of train-of-four traces: a non-depolarising block with fade (T4 less than T1), a depolarising block with four equal reduced twitches, and a recovered trace with TOF ratio 0.95.
References5ShowHide
- [1]Thilen SR, et al. 2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Monitoring and Antagonism of Neuromuscular Blockade: A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Neuromuscular Blockade. Anesthesiology, 2023.PMID 36520073
- [2]Tao JC, et al. Current status of neuromuscular reversal and neuromuscular monitoring in China: a survey. BMC Anesthesiol, 2026.PMID 42185770
- [7]Leslie K, et al. Sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade and postoperative pulmonary complications. Lancet Respir Med, 2026.PMID 42263720
- [8]Blobner M, et al. Use of a train-of-four ratio of 0.95 versus 0.9 for tracheal extubation: an exploratory analysis of POPULAR data Br J Anaesth, 2020.PMID 31607388
- [14]Brull SJ, Silverman DG Visual and tactile assessment of neuromuscular fade Anesth Analg, 1993.PMID 8394051