Anaes SAQs · Applied cardiovascular & respiratory physiology
The autonomic nervous system
Primary — sympathetic thoracolumbar (short preganglionic, paravertebral chain, noradrenaline) vs parasympathetic craniosacral (long preganglionic, near target, acetylcholine); sweat glands cholinergic; adrenal medulla adrenaline; nicotinic vs muscarinic; alpha/beta receptors and G-protein effects; organ effects; autonomic failure.
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Target exams
ANZCAFRCAABAEDAIC
Prompt
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Outline the neurotransmitters and receptors and the principal organ effects.
Question
Compare the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Outline the neurotransmitters and receptors and the principal organ effects.[4]
[4]References4ShowHide
- [4]Tyagi A, et al. Sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglion blocks. Pain Physician, 2026.PMID 42263302
- [1]Sanches B, et al. β(2)-Adrenergic receptor disruption exacerbates cardiac injury and fibroblast activation in a female mouse model of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 2026.PMID 42302406
- [2]Gumbo CT, et al. Neurocardiac consequences of traumatic brain injury: integrating neuroimmune, autonomic, and cerebrovascular mechanisms. Front Immunol, 2026.PMID 42317349
- [5]Prado Fonseca SJ, et al. Anesthetic Considerations in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery: A Review of Perioperative Management and Outcomes. Cureus, 2026.PMID 42037904