EM · Mass-gathering and event medicine

Mass-gathering and event medicine — PICE classification, casualty prediction and event medical planning

Also known as Mass-gathering medicine · Event medicine · Mass gathering medical care · PICE classification · Potential injury creating event · Patient presentation rate · PPR · Transport to hospital rate · TTHR · MIMMS · Crowd crush · Compressive asphyxia · Event medical planning · Festival medicine

Mass-gathering and event medicine — the provision of healthcare to defined crowds at planned events and the planning required to do it safely. The WHO functional definition of a mass gathering (a crowd with the potential to strain the planning and response resources of the host community; an operational threshold of 1000 or more attendees) and the distinction from a mass casualty incident (the casualty-generating event that shifts the standard of care to the population — the greatest good for the greatest number). The PICE (Potential Injury Creating Event) classification of any event by Type (planned or unplanned, primary or secondary), Category (static or dynamic), Status (controlled or uncontrolled) and Stage (0 to 4 by need for outside aid). The Arbon predictive model for patient presentation rate (about 1 per 1000 attendees overall, higher for outdoor, unbounded, hot-weather and alcohol-available events) and transport to hospital rate (about 0.03 per 1000 attendees). Event archetypes (sport, concert, pilgrimage, festival), the MEDPLAN six-domain medical plan, MIMMS CSCATT command, SALT triage, crowd crush as compressive asphyxia, MDMA-related hyperthermia and hyponatraemia, crush syndrome, and the escalation triggers that convert a mass gathering into a mass casualty incident.