Anaes SAQs · Applied cardiovascular & respiratory physiology
Immunology basics
Primary — innate (barriers, complement, phagocytes, NK); adaptive (T cells MHC I/II, B cells, IgG/M/A/E/D); complement pathways and anaphylatoxins; Gell-Coombs I-IV; anaphylaxis IgE cross-linking mast cell degranulation; tryptase diagnosis; adrenaline first-line; NMBAs commonest trigger.
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Target exams
ANZCAFRCAABAEDAIC
Prompt
Outline the innate and adaptive immune systems and the four types of hypersensitivity. Explain the mechanism of perioperative anaphylaxis and its first-line treatment.
Question
Outline the innate and adaptive immune systems and the four types of hypersensitivity. Explain the mechanism of perioperative anaphylaxis and its first-line treatment.
[3]References4ShowHide
- [3]Takazawa T, et al. Perioperative anaphylaxis in Japan: Epidemiology, diagnosis, and challenges. Allergol Int, 2026.PMID 41455630
- [6]Tanei R. Revisiting Atopy: The IgE-Dependent Amplification Loop as a Forgotten Driver of Atopic Dermatitis. Pathophysiology, 2026.PMID 42347026
- [1]Trujillo-Ocampo A, et al. Human NKT10 cells are enriched in cord-derived invariant natural killer T cells and mediate immune-regulation in a xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease model. Front Immunol, 2026.PMID 42358969
- [4]Jo Y, et al. Remimazolam-Induced Anaphylaxis After Spinal Anesthesia: A Case Report and Literature Review. J Clin Med, 2026.PMID 42278971