Anaes SAQs · Applied cardiovascular & respiratory physiology
The determinants of cardiac output
Primary — CO = HR x SV; cardiac index; the Fick principle; HR optimum and tachycardia; preload/afterload/contractility; venous return equals CO in steady state; mean systemic filling pressure; the Guyton cardiac-function/venous-return intersection.
On this page
Study tools
Target exams
ANZCAFRCAABAEDAIC
Prompt
Define cardiac output and cardiac index. Explain the Fick principle and the determinants of cardiac output, including the role of venous return and mean systemic filling pressure.
Question
Define cardiac output and cardiac index. Explain the Fick principle and the determinants of cardiac output, including the role of venous return and mean systemic filling pressure.
References5ShowHide
- [1]Persichini R, et al. Venous return and mean systemic filling pressure. Crit Care, 2022.PMID 35610620
- [2]Joyce W. What determines systemic blood flow. J Exp Biol, 2020.PMID 32079682
- [3]Brengelmann GL. Venous return and the physical connection between distribution of segmental pressures and volumes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2019.PMID 31518160
- [6]Abualsaud R, et al. Time to Calm the Fick Down? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Thermodilution Compared to Direct Fick in Tricuspid Regurgitation. CJC Open, 2024.PMID 39525819
- [39525820]Bersten AD, Soni N (eds) Oh's Intensive Care Manual. 8th edition, Elsevier, 2018.