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O&G TopicsGynaecological oncology — survivorship and MDT working

O&G · Gynaecological oncology — survivorship and MDT working

Survivorship and MDT working in gynaecological oncology

Also known as Cancer survivorship · Survivorship care plan · Post-treatment surveillance · Multidisciplinary team · MDT · Psycho-oncology

Exam-exhaustive FRANZCOG fellowship reference on gynaecological cancer survivorship and multidisciplinary team working — surveillance after endometrial, cervical, ovarian and vulvar cancer, the survivorship care plan, sexual function after pelvic radiotherapy (vaginal dilator, topical oestrogen), lower-limb lymphoedema, premature menopause, fear of cancer recurrence and distress, and the structure and function of the gynaecological oncology MDT. ANZ-primary (COSA, RANZCOG), globally tagged to ASCO, ESMO, NCCN and SGO.

high20 referencesUpdated 1 Aug 202611 min readVerification in progress

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FRANZCOGMRCOGABOGFRCSCMRCPI

Red flags

  • A survivor who is never asked about sex, lymphoedema, mood or menopause — the four late effects that dominate quality of life are the four that go unasked
  • New vaginal bleeding, haematuria or pelvic pain in a treated patient is recurrence or late radiation toxicity until proven otherwise
  • Fear of cancer recurrence is near-universal and drives surveillance demand — leaving it unaddressed guarantees an anxious, over-investigated patient
  • Premature menopause after gynaecological cancer needs a bone-health and cardiovascular plan, not a binary HRT-or-not decision
  • Over-surveillance has harms: false positives, cumulative radiation, and reassurance that does not treat the distress it was meant to calm
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Your progress

Saved on this device.

Practise this topic8 MCQs with explanations

Target exams

FRANZCOGMRCOGABOGFRCSCMRCPI

Red flags

  • A survivor who is never asked about sex, lymphoedema, mood or menopause — the four late effects that dominate quality of life are the four that go unasked
  • New vaginal bleeding, haematuria or pelvic pain in a treated patient is recurrence or late radiation toxicity until proven otherwise
  • Fear of cancer recurrence is near-universal and drives surveillance demand — leaving it unaddressed guarantees an anxious, over-investigated patient
  • Premature menopause after gynaecological cancer needs a bone-health and cardiovascular plan, not a binary HRT-or-not decision
  • Over-surveillance has harms: false positives, cumulative radiation, and reassurance that does not treat the distress it was meant to calm
One-line fellowship answer

Gynaecological cancer survivorship care is surveillance for recurrence plus structured management of late effects (sexual function, lymphoedema, premature menopause, bowel and bladder) plus psychosocial support (fear of recurrence, distress), coordinated through a written survivorship care plan and delivered by a high-functioning multidisciplinary team. Ask about sex, mood and lymphoedema at every visit — the four late effects that dominate a survivor's life are the four that go unasked.[1][3][10]

She finished her chemoradiotherapy for stage IIB cervical cancer nine months ago, her scans are clear, and the cancer is gone — but she is back in your clinic in tears, not with bleeding, but with painful intercourse that has shut down her relationship, a leg that aches and swells, hot flushes that wreck her sleep, and a conviction that every twinge is the cancer returning. Cure was the operation; survivorship is the appointment in front of you. If your survivorship visit stops at "vault smear and CA-125 normal, see you in six months," you have missed the entire disease.[5][11]

Survivorship defined — and why it is its own topic

A cancer survivor is defined from the moment of diagnosis through the balance of life, and survivorship care is organised across three phases: the acute phase (diagnosis to completion of primary treatment), the extended phase (surveillance and recovery), and permanent long-term survival. For gynaecological oncology this is no longer a fringe concern — rising endometrial cancer incidence, high cervical and ovarian survival, and the durable toxicity of pelvic radiotherapy mean most of your patients will spend far more of their lives as survivors than as patients on treatment.[1][2]

The defining insight of modern survivorship care is that surveillance and survivorship are not the same thing. Surveillance is the hunt for recurrence. Survivorship is the whole-of-life management of the consequences of disease and treatment. A clinic that does only the first delivers a woman with a clear scan and a ruined life. The survivorship care plan is the instrument that forces both into one document.[1][4]

Why survivorship has its own exam station

risingSurvivors accruingearlier detection, better therapy, ageing/obesity — survivors outlive the cancer and live with the toxicity
sexual dysfunctionCommonest late effectprevalent after pelvic radiotherapy, and the least volunteered
fear of recurrenceDriver of surveillance demandnear-universal — address it, do not just feed it with scans
[1] [10] [11]
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References20ShowHide
  1. [1]Mayer DK, Nekhlyudov L, Snyder CF, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical expert statement on cancer survivorship care planning J Oncol Pract, 2014.PMID 25316025
  2. [2]Mayer DK, Shapiro CL, Jacobson P, et al. Assuring Quality Cancer Survivorship Care: We've Only Just Begun Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book, 2015.PMID 25993226
  3. [3]Chan RJ, McErlean G, Crawford-Williams F, et al. Joint Cancer Nurses Society of Australia-Clinical Oncology Society of Australia Position Statement on the Contribution of Nurses to Cancer Survivorship Care in Australia Asia Pac J Clin Oncol, 2026.PMID 42383647
  4. [4]Grant M, Economou D, Ferrell B, et al. Educating health care professionals to provide institutional changes in cancer survivorship care J Cancer Educ, 2012.PMID 22271583
  5. [5]Woopen H, Zwimpfer T, Brenner L, et al. Patients' Perception of Follow-Up Care and Personal Health Status of 677 Long-Term Survivors of Gynecological Cancer from the Study "Expression IX-Long-Term Survival with Gynecological Cancer": The International NOGGO, ENGOT and GCIG Survey Cancers (Basel), 2026.PMID 42193006
  6. [6]Jeppesen MM, Jensen PT, Hansen DG, et al. Patient-initiated follow up affects fear of recurrence and healthcare use: a randomised trial in early-stage endometrial cancer BJOG, 2018.PMID 29978593
  7. [7]Holtzman S, Gellman C, Chess I, et al. Surveillance Visits for Ovarian Cancer: Is It Time to Reconsider? J Surg Oncol, 2025.PMID 40990395
  8. [8]Hamilton CA, Pothuri B, Arend RC, et al. Endometrial cancer: A society of gynecologic oncology evidence-based review and recommendations, part II Gynecol Oncol, 2021.PMID 33451724
  9. [9]Barretina-Ginesta MP, Madariaga A, Gil-Martín M, et al. Addressing unmet needs in long-term survivors of ovarian cancer (ENGOT ov40/NOGGO S13/GEICO 71-R/Expression VI): insights from a Spanish cohort Int J Gynecol Cancer, 2026.PMID 41951282
  10. [10]Hathout L, Zhang Y, Lymberis S, et al. A Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcomes on the Impact of Radiation Therapy on Sexual Health in Patients With Gynecologic Cancer Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 2026.PMID 41720168
  11. [11]Naert E, Decruyenaere A, Bultijnck R, et al. Vaginal morbidity, sexual functioning, and health-related quality of life in cervical cancer survivors: a cross-sectional multicenter study (VAMOS) Support Care Cancer, 2023.PMID 37975947
  12. [12]Martins J, Vaz AF, Grion RC, et al. Topical estrogen, testosterone, and vaginal dilator in the prevention of vaginal stenosis after radiotherapy in women with cervical cancer: a randomized clinical trial BMC Cancer, 2021.PMID 34112100
  13. [13]Law E, Kelvin JF, Thom B, et al. Prospective study of vaginal dilator use adherence and efficacy following radiotherapy Radiother Oncol, 2015.PMID 26164775
  14. [14]Charatsi D, Vanakara P, Evaggelopoulou E, et al. Vaginal dilator use to promote sexual wellbeing after radiotherapy in gynecological cancer survivors Medicine (Baltimore), 2022.PMID 35089231
  15. [15]Brotto LA, Yule M, Breckon E Psychological interventions for the sexual sequelae of cancer: a review of the literature J Cancer Surviv, 2010.PMID 20602188
  16. [16]Robijns J, Censabella S, Bollen H, et al. Vaginal mucositis in patients with gynaecological cancer undergoing (chemo-)radiotherapy: a retrospective analysis J Obstet Gynaecol, 2022.PMID 35170399
  17. [17]Kurtuluş D, Arkan K, Suçeken FY, et al. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Following Gynecologic Cancer Surgery and Adjuvant Therapy: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Management-A Systematic Review Int Urogynecol J, 2026.PMID 41579191
  18. [18]Akizuki N, Yamawaki S, Akechi T, et al. Development of an Impact Thermometer for use in combination with the Distress Thermometer as a brief screening tool for adjustment disorders and/or major depression in cancer patients J Pain Symptom Manage, 2005.PMID 15652442
  19. [19]Sessa C, Travado L, Calaminus G, et al. European Cancer Organisation Essential Requirements for Quality Cancer Care for ovarian cancer: Focus on the multidisciplinary team Tumori, 2025.PMID 39643948
  20. [20]Soukup T, Hamad W, Quinney E, et al. Operationalising MDT streamlining through standards of care: a framework for specification and implementation Front Health Serv, 2026.PMID 42318165

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