O&G Cases · Antenatal care — multiple pregnancy
Suspected twin-twin transfusion syndrome in a regional centre — referral and communication station
Communication and decision station: suspected stage II twin-twin transfusion syndrome in a regional centre. Tests Quintero staging, the decision to refer for fetoscopic laser rather than serial amnioreduction, communication of the diagnosis and prognosis to a distressed primigravida, and the practical logistics of transfer. Includes assessor timeline, marking domains, assessor key and fail criteria.
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Station brief
Format. Communication and decision station, approximately 12 minutes. You are the obstetric registrar in a regional centre. A senior midwife and a sonographer are with you; the consultant is contactable but off-site. The fetal therapy centre is a 90-minute flight away. The assessor runs the clock and feeds you the woman's questions and emotional responses. [1]
Candidate instruction. Establish the diagnosis and stage, decide on the immediate management, communicate the diagnosis and prognosis to a distressed primigravida, and arrange the practical logistics of referral and transfer. Verbalise your clinical reasoning, your counselling, and your team and family communication. [1][3]
References7ShowHide
- [1]Kilby MD, Bricker L; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Management of Monochorionic Twin Pregnancy Green-Top Guideline No. 51 (2024 Partial Update) BJOG, 2025.PMID 39966091
- [2]Senat MV, Deprest J, Boulvain M, et al. Endoscopic laser surgery versus serial amnioreduction for severe twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome N Engl J Med, 2004.PMID 15238624
- [3]Kontopoulos E, Chmait RH, Quintero RA Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome: Definition, Staging, and Ultrasound Assessment Twin Res Hum Genet, 2016.PMID 27203605
- [4]Slaghekke F, Lopriore E, Lewi L, et al. Fetoscopic laser coagulation of the vascular equator versus selective coagulation for twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: an open-label randomised controlled trial Lancet, 2014.PMID 24613024
- [5]Miller RS, Miller JL, Monson MA, et al. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #72: Twin-twin transfusion syndrome and twin anemia-polycythemia sequence Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2024.PMID 39029545
- [6]Tollenaar LSA, Slaghekke F, Lewi L, et al. Spontaneous twin anemia polycythemia sequence: diagnosis, management, and outcome in an international cohort of 249 cases Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2021.PMID 32730900
- [7]Sorrenti S, Yaghi O, Prasad S, et al. Perinatal outcome of monochorionic twin pregnancy complicated by selective fetal growth restriction: ISUOG vs Delphi diagnostic criteria Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 2026.PMID 42126513