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Gen Surg SAQsskin-soft-tissue

Gen Surg SAQs · skin-soft-tissue

Scoring suspicion, timing debridement, and refusing routine adjuncts

Fellowship SAQ on LRINEC interpretation with limits, debridement timing with equipoise, and antibiotic plus adjunct decisions in necrotising soft-tissue infection.

10 marks12 min1 min readVerification in progress

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FRACSFRCS(Gen Surg)ABSFRCSC
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Target exams

FRACSFRCS(Gen Surg)ABSFRCSC
Prompt
A 58-year-old diabetic man has a painful swollen leg with systemic toxicity and a LRINEC score of 7; a 45-year-old woman has confirmed necrotising fasciitis awaiting theatre; and a 70-year-old man recovers in intensive care after complete debridement. (A) Interpret the score with its limits and set out the diagnostic plan. (4 marks) (B) Justify debridement timing and transfer decisions with cohort numbers. (3 marks) (C) Choose antibiotics and rule on IVIG and hyperbaric oxygen with trial numbers. (3 marks)

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(A) A score of 7 crosses the published 6-point cutoff with 92.0% positive and 96.0% negative predictive value in its own cohorts — so evaluate carefully for necrotising fasciitis, but later pooling drops sensitivity to 43.2 to 80% and the score fails the immunocompromised, meaning bedside assessment rules and doubt means imaging plus exploration.[6][7] Image without pausing the knife: fascial MRI signal is sensitive at 86.4% yet modestly specific, CT gas is specific at 93.2% yet half-blind — and with only a minority diagnosed at admission, exploration on suspicion is the plan.[8][10][5]

(B) Debride as soon as possible, ideally within 6 hours with re-looks every 12 to 24 hours — yet counsel the equipoise honestly: delay past 24 hours alone predicted death at RR 9.4, while 6-hour surgery showed no survival edge among day-one operated patients.[5][10][13] Do not let transfer insert the delay: referred patients die at 15.5% against 8.7% with doubled adjusted odds — so move fast or operate where she lies.[15]

(C) Start broad-spectrum cover at once, tailor on tissue cultures, and continue to complete debridement with improvement — then stop the adjuncts: 100 randomised patients showed no IVIG functional benefit at six months, and routine hyperbaric oxygen lacks support — so neither enters the standard prescription.[5][17]

References8ShowHide
  1. [5]McDermott J, et al. Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections: A Review. JAMA Surg, 2024.PMID 39259555
  2. [6]Wong CH, et al. The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections. Crit Care Med, 2004.PMID 15241098
  3. [7]Abdullah M, et al. Reliability of the Laboratory Risk Indicator in Necrotising Fasciitis (LRINEC) score. Surgeon, 2019.PMID 30166238
  4. [8]Kwee RM, et al. Diagnostic performance of MRI and CT in diagnosing necrotizing soft tissue infection: a systematic review. Skeletal Radiol, 2022.PMID 34302500
  5. [10]Wong CH, et al. Necrotizing fasciitis: clinical presentation, microbiology, and determinants of mortality. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2003.PMID 12925624
  6. [13]Lau CH, et al. Association between time to surgery and hospital mortality in patients with community-acquired limb necrotizing fasciitis: an 11-year multicenter retrospective cohort analysis. BMC Infect Dis, 2024.PMID 38910240
  7. [15]Holena DN, et al. Transfer status: a risk factor for mortality in patients with necrotizing fasciitis. Surgery, 2011.PMID 21783216
  8. [17]Madsen MB, et al. Immunoglobulin G for patients with necrotising soft tissue infection (INSTINCT): a randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Intensive Care Med, 2017.PMID 28421246
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