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Gen Surg SAQstransplantation

Gen Surg SAQs · transplantation

Selecting HCC, listing failure, and rescuing artery and duct

Fellowship SAQ on HCC selection with AFP biology, fulminant listing with MELD allocation, and hepatic artery thrombosis rescue in liver transplantation.

10 marks12 min1 min readVerification in progress

Target exams

FRACSFRCS(Gen Surg)ABSFRCSC
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Target exams

FRACSFRCS(Gen Surg)ABSFRCSC
Prompt
A 58-year-old cirrhotic man has two small HCCs with falling AFP after bridging therapy; a 24-year-old woman has paracetamol fulminant failure with pH 7.25; and a 60-year-old recipient on day 8 has no Doppler arterial signal. (A) Justify HCC listing with size and biology numbers. (4 marks) (B) Apply fulminant thresholds and MELD allocation logic. (3 marks) (C) Manage suspected HAT with rescue arithmetic. (3 marks)

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(A) List within Milan — single 5 cm or three nodules each 3 cm — with 75% survival and 83% recurrence-free at four years; modest UCSF expansion to 6.5/4.5/8 cm holds 90% at one year — and let his falling AFP reclassify him, since dynamics split recurrence 9.5/20.5/40.5% and rescue four-fifths of Milan-out patients.[1][2][6]

(B) Her pH of 7.25 already crosses the paracetamol threshold below 7.30 with prothrombin and creatinine rules — so list tonight, since fulminant windows slam shut; then allocate by MELD death risk from 1.9% to 71.3%, not by waiting time.[3][4]

(C) Treat absent signal as thrombosis until proven otherwise: 5% of grafts clot as the second graft-killer with 60% dead untreated — so angiography or theatre now with endovascular retrieval where organs are scarce, and relist at diagnosis since failed rescue leaves grafts at 48/31/23%.[23][10]

References7ShowHide
  1. [1]Mazzaferro V, et al. Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med, 1996.PMID 8594428
  2. [2]Yao FY, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: expansion of the tumor size limits does not adversely impact survival. Hepatology, 2001.PMID 11391528
  3. [3]O'Grady JG, et al. Early indicators of prognosis in fulminant hepatic failure. Gastroenterology, 1989.PMID 2490426
  4. [4]Wiesner R, et al. Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and allocation of donor livers. Gastroenterology, 2003.PMID 12512033
  5. [6]Halazun KJ, et al. Dynamic α-Fetoprotein Response and Outcomes After Liver Transplant for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JAMA Surg, 2021.PMID 33950167
  6. [10]Hara T, et al. Outcomes After Unsuccessful Revascularization Following Hepatic Artery Occlusion in Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Results From an International Multicenter Study. Clin Transplant, 2026.PMID 42138888
  7. [23]Meek JC, et al. Use of a mechanical thrombectomy device to treat early hepatic artery thrombosis after orthotopic liver transplant. Radiol Case Rep, 2018.PMID 29904504
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