EM Vivas · Applied anatomy and physiology
Applied anatomy — procedure viva
Anatomy/physiology viva for procedures and oxygen delivery.
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Target exams
ACEMFRCEMABEM
Prompt
Talk through CICO front-of-neck anatomy, femoral NAVY, and right-shift of the oxygen curve in acidotic shock.
Interpretation
Reveal interpretationShowHide
FONA. Cricothyroid membrane between thyroid and cricoid (about 10 to 11 mm tall); lower-half incision avoids upper-half cricothyroid vessels (lower right quadrant safest on 30-larynx dissection); confirm with EtCO2.[4][1]
Femoral. NAVY lateral to medial for safe venous access; ultrasound preferred when available. [2]
Oxygen curve. Acidosis/hypercarbia/fever/2,3-DPG cause right shift — haemoglobin unloads O2 to tissues; relevant in shock interpretation of SpO2 vs delivery. [3]
References4ShowHide
- [1]Fennessy P, Greco E, Gelber N, et al. Emergency Front-of-Neck Airway Rescue Via the Cricothyroid Membrane: A High-Resolution Computed Tomography Study of Airway Anatomy in Adults. Anesth Analg, 2021.PMID 33989226
- [2]Sonka T, Musgrave H, Choe JL, et al. Anatomical Landmark vs. Ultrasound Identification of the Femoral Vein. J Emerg Med, 2025.PMID 41138555
- [3]Malte H, Lykkeboe G, Wang T The magnitude of the Bohr effect profoundly influences the shape and position of the blood oxygen equilibrium curve. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 2021.PMID 33358924
- [4]Develi S, Yalcin B, Yazar F. Topographical anatomy of cricothyroid membrane and its relation with invasive airway access. Clin Anat, 2016.PMID 27481637