Anaes SAQs · Anaesthetic adjuncts
The benzodiazepines in anaesthesia
Final SAQ — the class mechanism (the GABA-A positive allosteric modulator; the alpha-gamma interface; the FREQUENCY not the DURATION; the ceiling effect); the four agents (midazolam rapid/short/active metabolite; diazepam slow/long/nordiazepam; lorazepam slow/long/no active metabolite — the drug of status epilepticus; remimazolam ultra-short/ester-hydrolysed/constant CSHT); the pharmacodynamics (anxiolysis, sedation, anterograde amnesia, anticonvulsant, synergistic respiratory depression with the opioid); the flumazenil antagonist (competitive; shorter half-life — the resedation; the seizure risk in the chronic user).
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Discuss the pharmacology of the benzodiazepines used in anaesthesia, contrasting the four agents and outlining the role of the antagonist.
References4ShowHide
- [1]Akram U, et al. Remimazolam versus midazolam for moderate sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gastrointest Endosc, 2026.PMID 42362034
- [3]Segev O, et al. Flumazenil in the Treatment of Benzodiazepine Toxicity: The Experience of a Large Urban Tertiary Care Hospital. Isr Med Assoc J, 2026.PMID 42298935
- [7]Kazokas D, et al. The Effects of Low-Dose Remimazolam Adjunct on Propofol-Remifentanil Anaesthesia in Day Case Gynaecological Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Medicina (Kaunas), 2026.PMID 42356189
- [8]Amagasa R, et al. Tracheal Stent Placement Under Remimazolam Sedation With Preserved Spontaneous Respiration: A Case Report. Cureus, 2026.PMID 42311714