Prompt

Examiner draws columns: Class / Mechanism / Dependence risk / Elderly risk / One exam dose pattern. Cards: alprazolam, zolpidem, buspirone, pregabalin, hydroxyzine, melatonin, LOT, EMPOWER, Sun opioid+BZD, Beers, flumazenil.

Station structure

Time: 8–10 minutes. Depth: consultant teaching registrar. Expect mechanism maps, duration limits, elderly harm, interaction literacy, and taper craft without marketing slogans.^[1]^[9]

References9Show

[1]Soyka M Treatment of Benzodiazepine Dependence N Engl J Med, 2017.PMID 28328330
[2]Glass J, Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N, et al. Sedative hypnotics in older people with insomnia: meta-analysis of risks and benefits BMJ, 2005.PMID 16284208
[3]Sun EC, Dixit A, Humphreys K, et al. Association between concurrent use of prescription opioids and benzodiazepines and overdose: retrospective analysis BMJ, 2017.PMID 28292769
[4]Tannenbaum C, Martin P, Tamblyn R, et al. Reduction of inappropriate benzodiazepine prescriptions among older adults through direct patient education: the EMPOWER cluster randomized trial JAMA Intern Med, 2014.PMID 24733354
[5]By the 2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults J Am Geriatr Soc, 2023.PMID 37139824
[6]Chessick CA, Allen MH, Thase M, et al. Azapirones for generalized anxiety disorder Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006.PMID 16856115
[7]Rickels K, Pollack MH, Feltner DE, et al. Pregabalin for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a 4-week, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pregabalin and alprazolam Arch Gen Psychiatry, 2005.PMID 16143734
[8]Gunja N The clinical and forensic toxicology of Z-drugs J Med Toxicol, 2013.PMID 23404347
[9]Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, et al. Evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a revision of the 2005 guidelines from the British Association for Psychopharmacology J Psychopharmacol, 2014.PMID 24713617

Station structure

Time: 8–10 minutes. Depth: consultant teaching registrar. Expect mechanism maps, duration limits, elderly harm, interaction literacy, and taper craft without marketing slogans.^[1]^[9]

References9Show

[1]Soyka M Treatment of Benzodiazepine Dependence N Engl J Med, 2017.PMID 28328330
[2]Glass J, Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N, et al. Sedative hypnotics in older people with insomnia: meta-analysis of risks and benefits BMJ, 2005.PMID 16284208
[3]Sun EC, Dixit A, Humphreys K, et al. Association between concurrent use of prescription opioids and benzodiazepines and overdose: retrospective analysis BMJ, 2017.PMID 28292769
[4]Tannenbaum C, Martin P, Tamblyn R, et al. Reduction of inappropriate benzodiazepine prescriptions among older adults through direct patient education: the EMPOWER cluster randomized trial JAMA Intern Med, 2014.PMID 24733354
[5]By the 2023 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria Update Expert Panel American Geriatrics Society 2023 updated AGS Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults J Am Geriatr Soc, 2023.PMID 37139824
[6]Chessick CA, Allen MH, Thase M, et al. Azapirones for generalized anxiety disorder Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006.PMID 16856115
[7]Rickels K, Pollack MH, Feltner DE, et al. Pregabalin for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: a 4-week, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pregabalin and alprazolam Arch Gen Psychiatry, 2005.PMID 16143734
[8]Gunja N The clinical and forensic toxicology of Z-drugs J Med Toxicol, 2013.PMID 23404347
[9]Baldwin DS, Anderson IM, Nutt DJ, et al. Evidence-based pharmacological treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a revision of the 2005 guidelines from the British Association for Psychopharmacology J Psychopharmacol, 2014.PMID 24713617

Anxiolytics and hypnotics — cross-table viva

Station structure

Anxiolytics and hypnotics — cross-table viva

Station structure