Psych · Psychopharmacology — metabolic syndrome and psychotropic monitoring
Metabolic syndrome and psychotropic monitoring
Also known as Antipsychotic metabolic monitoring · Cardiometabolic risk psychotropics · ADA APA antipsychotic monitoring · Antipsychotic weight gain · Metabolic syndrome schizophrenia · Clozapine olanzapine diabetes risk
Exam-exhaustive fellowship reference on metabolic syndrome and psychotropic monitoring — NCEP/IDF criteria, agent ranking by cardiometabolic liability, ADA/APA monitoring schedule, mechanisms, switch and metformin strategies, youth risk, CATIE/Correll/De Hert evidence, and RANZCP/NICE/APA physical-health expectations. FRANZCP-primary, globally tagged.
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10 MCQs with explanations
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Meet the patient
A 26-year-old man started olanzapine six weeks ago for a first episode of psychosis. He is no longer frightened, and he has gained 7 kg. His fasting glucose, normal at baseline, is now in the prediabetes range. His mother, who has type 2 diabetes, asks whether the tablet that gave her son back is going to give him her disease.[5][8][18]
The exam question this vignette plants is the one registrars duck: do you stop the drug that works, or do you own the metabolic harm it is doing? The answer is neither panic-cessation nor therapeutic nihilism — it is rank, monitor, and act on trajectory. This topic is the prescribing spine behind that answer, and its monitoring intervals line up exactly with the antipsychotics and clozapine pages.[1][3][8][16]
You have read the opening of this topic. The complete unit — every section and its primary-source references — is part of the Psychiatry Fellowship fellowship atlas.
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- [1]American Diabetes Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, North American Association for the Study of Obesity Consensus development conference on antipsychotic drugs and obesity and diabetes Diabetes Care, 2004.PMID 14747245
- [2]Marder SR, Essock SM, Miller AL, et al. Physical health monitoring of patients with schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry, 2004.PMID 15285957
- [3]Allison DB, Mentore JL, Heo M, et al. Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a comprehensive research synthesis Am J Psychiatry, 1999.PMID 10553730
- [4]Newcomer JW, Haupt DW The metabolic effects of antipsychotic medications Can J Psychiatry, 2006.PMID 16933585
- [5]Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia N Engl J Med, 2005.PMID 16172203
- [6]Nasrallah HA Metabolic findings from the CATIE trial and their relation to tolerability CNS Spectr, 2006.PMID 16816798
- [7]Correll CU, Manu P, Olshanskiy V, et al. Cardiometabolic risk of second-generation antipsychotic medications during first-time use in children and adolescents JAMA, 2009.PMID 19861668
- [8]De Hert M, Detraux J, van Winkel R, et al. Metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects associated with antipsychotic drugs Nat Rev Endocrinol, 2011.PMID 22009159
- [9]De Hert M, Cohen D, Bobes J, et al. Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. II. Barriers to care, monitoring and treatment guidelines, plus recommendations at the system and individual level World Psychiatry, 2011.PMID 21633691
- [10]De Hert M, Vancampfort D, Correll CU, et al. Guidelines for screening and monitoring of cardiometabolic risk in schizophrenia: systematic evaluation Br J Psychiatry, 2011.PMID 21804146
- [11]Mitchell AJ, Vancampfort D, Sweers K, et al. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and metabolic abnormalities in schizophrenia and related disorders—a systematic review and meta-analysis Schizophr Bull, 2013.PMID 22207632
- [12]Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, Mitchell AJ, et al. Risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in people with schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis World Psychiatry, 2015.PMID 26407790
- [13]Rummel-Kluge C, Komossa K, Schwarz S, et al. Head-to-head comparisons of metabolic side effects of second generation antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis Schizophr Res, 2010.PMID 20692814
- [14]Bak M, Fransen A, Janssen J, et al. Almost all antipsychotics result in weight gain: a meta-analysis PLoS One, 2014.PMID 24763306
- [15]Wu RR, Zhao JP, Jin H, et al. Lifestyle intervention and metformin for treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a randomized controlled trial JAMA, 2008.PMID 18182600
- [16]Jarskog LF, Hamer RM, Catellier DJ, et al. Metformin for weight loss and metabolic control in overweight outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder Am J Psychiatry, 2013.PMID 23846733
- [17]Newcomer JW, Campos JA, Marcus RN, et al. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind study of the effects of aripiprazole in overweight subjects with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder switched from olanzapine J Clin Psychiatry, 2008.PMID 18605811
- [18]Kahn RS, Fleischhacker WW, Boter H, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs in first-episode schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder: an open randomised clinical trial Lancet, 2008.PMID 18374841
- [19]Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J Metabolic syndrome—a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation Diabet Med, 2006.PMID 16681555
- [20]Huhn M, Nikolakopoulou A, Schneider-Thoma J, et al. Comparative efficacy and tolerability of 32 oral antipsychotics for the acute treatment of adults with multi-episode schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis Lancet, 2019.PMID 31303314