Psych CASC / OSCE · Consultation-liaison psychiatry
Explaining possible normal pressure hydrocephalus and realistic hope — CASC communication station
MRCPsych/FRANZCP-style station: explain possible iNPH in plain language, set realistic expectations about reversibility (Clarfield), outline organised work-up and shunt risks/benefits, address driving without alarmism, and avoid false certainty.
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Station brief
Format. Communication station, approximately 7–10 minutes after reading time. You are the psychiatry registrar in a memory/CL clinic. [2][8]
Candidate instructions. Explain possible normal pressure hydrocephalus in accessible language using the gait–thinking–bladder triad; distinguish it from a default Alzheimer label without denigrating prior care; explain that “reversible dementia” means sometimes improvable after careful selection, not guaranteed cure; outline next steps (bloods already done or pending, specialist imaging review, walking assessment before/after CSF removal); discuss shunt benefits (especially walking) and risks; address driving as case-by-case and jurisdiction-guided; check understanding and respond to emotion. [1][2][3][4]
References8ShowHide
- [1]Relkin N, Marmarou A, Klinge P, et al. Diagnosing idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus Neurosurgery, 2005.PMID 16160425
- [2]Williams MA, Malm J Diagnosis and Treatment of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Continuum (Minneap Minn), 2016.PMID 27042909
- [3]Clarfield AM The decreasing prevalence of reversible dementias: an updated meta-analysis Arch Intern Med, 2003.PMID 14557220
- [4]Toma AK, Papadopoulos MC, Stapleton S, et al. Systematic review of the outcome of shunt surgery in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2013.PMID 23975646
- [5]Kazui H, Miyajima M, Mori E, et al. Lumboperitoneal shunt surgery for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (SINPHONI-2): an open-label randomised trial Lancet Neurol, 2015.PMID 25934242
- [6]Appelbaum PS, Grisso T Assessing patients' capacities to consent to treatment N Engl J Med, 1988.PMID 3200278
- [7]Kito Y, Kazui H, Kubo Y, et al. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus Behav Neurol, 2009.PMID 19996513
- [8]Carswell C Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: historical context and a contemporary guide Pract Neurol, 2023.PMID 36162853