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Paeds Vivasprofessional-practice-and-evidence

Paeds Vivas · professional-practice-and-evidence

Patient safety, human factors and systems thinking — branching viva

Viva on Reason's Swiss cheese model, paediatric medication-safety risk, the adverse-event response pathway, the second victim, and just culture.

branching clinical structured oral3 min readVerification in progress

Target exams

RACP DCEMRCPCH ClinicalRCPSC Pediatrics
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Study tools

Target exams

RACP DCEMRCPCH ClinicalRCPSC Pediatrics
Prompt
Ward: a four-year-old with a chest infection becomes bradypnoeic after a morphine infusion for pleuritic pain; the dose was miscalculated on a handwritten chart; the observations showed rising respiratory rate for two hours but escalation did not occur; the prescribing registrar is withdrawn and tearful; the family is frightened and asking what happened.

Opening (candidate)

My first priority is the child. I would assess and stabilise the airway and breathing using ABCDE, stop the morphine infusion, and give naloxone for opioid-induced respiratory depression while calling for senior and nursing help. Once the child is safe I would preserve the chart, infusion and pump as evidence, notify the consultant in charge and the safety lead, and begin the structured response — report, root cause analysis, open disclosure and support for the registrar. I can already see two problems here: a medication calculation error, and a failure of escalation, because the rising respiratory rate was documented but not acted on. [12]

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References7ShowHide
  1. [3]Reason J Human error: models and management. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2000.PMID 10720363
  2. [4]Wu AW Medical error: the second victim. The doctor who makes the mistake needs help too. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2000.PMID 10720336
  3. [5]Leonard M The human factor: the critical importance of effective teamwork and communication in providing safe care. Quality & safety in health care, 2004.PMID 15465961
  4. [6]Kaushal R Medication errors and adverse drug events in pediatric inpatients. JAMA, 2001.PMID 11311101
  5. [8]Stucky ER Prevention of medication errors in the pediatric inpatient setting. Pediatrics, 2003.PMID 12897304
  6. [12]Vincent C Understanding and responding to adverse events. The New England journal of medicine, 2003.PMID 12637617
  7. [13]Starmer AJ Changes in medical errors after implementation of a handoff program. The New England journal of medicine, 2014.PMID 25372088
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