Paeds Vivas · fetal-neonatal-and-perinatal
Neonatal resuscitation and post-resuscitation stabilisation — branching viva
Viva on the first-minute algorithm, escalation to compressions and adrenaline, ventilation-first principle, oxygen and saturation targeting, cord management and cooling referral.
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RACP DCEMRCPCH ClinicalRCPSC Pediatrics
Prompt
Delivery room: a term infant is born apnoeic and limp after an emergency caesarean for fetal bradycardia; after warmth, drying and stimulation there is no breathing and the heart rate is 70 and falling; a skilled neonatal nurse and an SHO are present.
Opening (candidate)
My first move is to ventilate. The baby is term, apnoeic and bradycardic, which puts him straight onto the resuscitation pathway. I would start positive-pressure ventilation in air at 40 to 60 breaths per minute, ask the nurse to apply pre-ductal pulse oximetry and three-lead ECG, and call for senior neonatal help. I would watch for chest rise and recheck the heart rate at 30 seconds, running MR SOPA if ventilation is not effective. [1] [10]
References7ShowHide
- [1]Aziz K Part 5: Neonatal Resuscitation 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Pediatrics, 2021.PMID 33087555
- [2]Madar J European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Newborn resuscitation and support of transition of infants at birth. Resuscitation, 2021.PMID 33773829
- [4]Perlman JM Part 7: Neonatal Resuscitation: 2015 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Circulation, 2015.PMID 26472855
- [7]Katheria A Association of Umbilical Cord Milking vs Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping With Death or Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage Among Preterm Infants. JAMA, 2019.PMID 31742630
- [8]Askie LM Association Between Oxygen Saturation Targeting and Death or Disability in Extremely Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis Collaboration. JAMA, 2018.PMID 29872859
- [9]Azzopardi DV Moderate hypothermia to treat perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy. N Engl J Med, 2009.PMID 19797281
- [10]Niles DE Incidence and characteristics of positive pressure ventilation delivered to newborns in a US tertiary academic hospital. Resuscitation, 2017.PMID 28411062