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Paeds Casesophthalmology

Paeds Cases · ophthalmology

Ophthalmia neonatorum — structured clinical encounter

Structured encounter testing the approach to a three-day-old with profuse purulent discharge and lid oedema born to a mother with no documented screening: the recognition of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum, the emergency systemic treatment and ceftriaxone-versus-cefotaxime decision, the swab panel and maternal screening, with a pivot to a ten-day-old with mucopurulent discharge and a staccato cough representing chlamydial ophthalmia with pneumonia.

structured clinical encounter1 min readVerification in progress

Target exams

RACP General PaediatricsRACP DCEMRCPCH ClinicalRCPSC Pediatrics
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Target exams

RACP General PaediatricsRACP DCEMRCPCH ClinicalRCPSC Pediatrics
Prompt
A three-day-old term boy is referred from the postnatal ward with a 12-hour history of profuse thick yellow-green discharge from the right eye that reaccumulates within minutes, marked bilateral lid oedema and chemosis, and an intensely red eye. He was born by vaginal delivery after an unbooked pregnancy with no documented antenatal sexually-transmitted-infection screening, and is now visibly jaundiced. You are the paediatric registrar working through recognition, emergency treatment, the drug-choice decision, the swab panel, maternal screening and a later scenario of a ten-day-old with a sticky eye and a staccato cough.

Candidate brief

You are the paediatric registrar on the postnatal ward. A three-day-old term boy has been referred with a 12-hour history of profuse, thick yellow-green discharge from the right eye that reaccumulates within minutes of cleaning, with marked bilateral lid oedema and chemosis and an intensely red eye. He was born by spontaneous vaginal delivery after an unbooked pregnancy with no documented antenatal sexually-transmitted-infection screening. On examination he is visibly jaundiced but afebrile and feeding. [12]

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References8ShowHide
  1. [1]Castro Ochoa KJ; Gurnani B Ophthalmia Neonatorum (Neonatal Conjunctivitis). StatPearls, 2026.PMID 31855399
  2. [3]Moore DL; MacDonald NE; Canadian Paediatric Society Preventing ophthalmia neonatorum. Paediatr Child Health, 2015.PMID 25838784
  3. [4]Curry SJ; Krist AH; Owens DK; et al Ocular Prophylaxis for Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum: US Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement. JAMA, 2019.PMID 30694327
  4. [5]Zikic A; Schunemann H; Wi T; et al Treatment of Neonatal Chlamydial Conjunctivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc, 2018.PMID 30007329
  5. [6]Zar HJ Neonatal chlamydial infections: prevention and treatment. Paediatr Drugs, 2005.PMID 15871630
  6. [7]Pinninti SG; Kimberlin DW Neonatal herpes simplex virus infections. Semin Perinatol, 2018.PMID 29544668
  7. [11]Belagal P Current alternative therapies for treating drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae causing ophthalmia neonatorum. Future Microbiol, 2024.PMID 38512111
  8. [12]Tan AK Ophthalmia Neonatorum. N Engl J Med, 2019.PMID 30625059
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