Paeds Cases · gastroenterology-hepatology-and-nutrition
Oesophagitis, caustic ingestion and oesophageal injury — structured clinical encounter
Structured encounter testing the approach to an 18-month-old with a suspected oesophageal button battery: recognition and the two-hour rule, the radiological signs, honey mitigation and emergent removal, and the surveillance and counselling for the delayed aorto-oesophageal fistula.
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Station brief (candidate)
You are the paediatric registrar in the emergency department. An 18-month-old girl presents with two hours of sudden drooling, refusal to feed and an intermittent cough. She was found next to her sibling's toy, which has an open battery compartment and a missing 20 mm lithium coin cell. She is alert and pink, is not stridulous, and her observations are stable. The team asks you to establish the diagnosis and the immediate plan, then proceed to imaging, the pre-removal measure, the definitive step, and the family counselling. You have 12 minutes with the team and 5 minutes for examiner discussion. [1]
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- [1]Mubarak A; Benninga MA; Broekaert I; Dolinsek J; Homan M; Mas E; Miele E; Pienar C; et al Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Button Battery Ingestion in Childhood: A European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Position Paper. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 2021.PMID 33555169
- [2]Anfang RR; Jatana KR; Linn RL; Rhoades K; Fry J; Jacobs IN pH-neutralizing esophageal irrigations as a novel mitigation strategy for button battery injury. Laryngoscope, 2019.PMID 29889306
- [4]Litovitz T; Whitaker N; Clark L; White NC; Marsolek M Emerging battery-ingestion hazard: clinical implications. Pediatrics, 2010.PMID 20498173
- [6]Kramer RE; Lerner DG; Lin T; Manfredi M; Shah M; Stephen TC; Gibbons TE; Pall H; et al Management of ingested foreign bodies in children: a clinical report of the NASPGHAN Endoscopy Committee. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, 2015.PMID 25611037