Paeds Cases · allergy-and-immunology
Explaining a false penicillin-allergy label and the delabelling pathway — OSCE
Communication and structured-discussion OSCE on a 6-year-old with community-acquired pneumonia and a long-standing, unverified penicillin-allergy label (a childhood rash during a viral illness). The candidate must explain to a parent that the label is most likely false, outline the safe delabelling pathway with PEN-FAST risk stratification and a supervised oral amoxicillin challenge, explain the stewardship benefit of restoring first-line penicillin, and address the parent's surprise and concerns about challenging a child they were told was allergic.
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Candidate instructions (8-minute station)
You are the paediatric registrar in the clinic. A 6-year-old girl has community-acquired pneumonia and needs amoxicillin. She has carried a "penicillin allergy" label since age 2, when she developed a widespread maculopapular rash on day 5 of amoxicillin given for a viral illness; there was no swelling, breathing difficulty, blistering or mucosal involvement, and the label has never been evaluated. [3]
Your tasks are: [10]
- Explain to the parent that the penicillin-allergy label is most likely false, and why, in plain language. [3]
- Outline the safe delabelling pathway — a structured history, a risk check (PEN-FAST), and a supervised oral amoxicillin challenge. [2]
- Explain the benefit of removing the label: restoring first-line penicillin and avoiding broader-spectrum, more problematic antibiotics. [9]
- Address the parent's concern and surprise about challenging a child they were told was allergic. [1]
You are not expected to perform the challenge yourself in the station — you are explaining the pathway and the plan. Flag that the challenge is done under observation with the capacity to treat any reaction, so it is safe. [1]
References5ShowHide
- [1]Copaescu AM; Vogrin S; James F; et al Efficacy of a Clinical Decision Rule to Enable Direct Oral Challenge in Patients With Low-Risk Penicillin Allergy: The PALACE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med, 2023.PMID 37459086
- [2]Trubiano JA; Vogrin S; Chua KYL; et al Development and Validation of a Penicillin Allergy Clinical Decision Rule. JAMA Intern Med, 2020.PMID 32176248
- [3]Wong T; Atkinson A; t'Jong G; et al Beta-lactam allergy in the paediatric population. Paediatr Child Health, 2020.PMID 32042244
- [9]Joerger T; Taylor MG; Li Y; et al Impact of Penicillin Allergy Labels on Children Treated for Outpatient Respiratory Infections. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc, 2023.PMID 36461664
- [10]Stone CA Jr; Trubiano J; Coleman DT; et al The challenge of de-labeling penicillin allergy. Allergy, 2020.PMID 31049971