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Paeds Casesgenetics-dysmorphology-and-metabolism

Paeds Cases · genetics-dysmorphology-and-metabolism

Counselling a family after a new maple syrup urine disease diagnosis — OSCE

OSCE communication and shared decision-making station: explaining to parents what a new maple syrup urine disease diagnosis means for their neonate who survived a ketoacidotic crisis, why the leucine was so dangerous, what the emergency sick-day regimen involves, the role of liver transplantation, and the 25 percent recurrence risk for future pregnancies — while addressing guilt, the fear of a sudden death at home, and the search for a cure.

osce communication and shared decision-making3 min readVerification in progress

Target exams

MRCPCH ClinicalRACP DCERCPSC Pediatrics
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Target exams

MRCPCH ClinicalRACP DCERCPSC Pediatrics
Prompt
The parents of a five-day-old boy sit with you on the neonatal unit. He was well at birth but deteriorated at 72 hours with lethargy, vomiting, opisthotonus and seizures; he had a high anion-gap metabolic acidosis with ketosis and a maple-syrup odour, and a markedly elevated leucine with pathognomonic allo-isoleucine confirming maple syrup urine disease. He was stabilised with glucose and insulin and intralipid, a branched-chain-amino-acid-free formula, and haemofiltration. The parents are frightened, blame themselves for not bringing him in sooner, have read about experimental 'cures' online, and are terrified he could die suddenly at home. Counsel them.

Task

Counsel the parents. You have five minutes. Demonstrate an organised, empathic and accurate explanation that addresses the four questions a fellowship communication station rewards: why the leucine was so dangerous and what happened to their son, what the immediate and long-term plan is, how they can prevent a sudden decompensation at home, and what the role of liver transplantation is. The framework follows the maple syrup urine disease GeneReviews and the MSUD nutrition management guideline. [7]

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References4ShowHide
  1. [1]Blau N, van Spronsen FJ, Levy HL. Phenylketonuria. Lancet, 2010.PMID 20971365
  2. [7]Strauss KA, Puffenberger EG, Carson VJ Maple Syrup Urine Disease. GeneReviews, 1993.PMID 20301495
  3. [8]Frazier DM, Allgeier C, Homer C, et al. Nutrition management guideline for maple syrup urine disease: an evidence- and consensus-based approach. Mol Genet Metab, 2014.PMID 24881969
  4. [9]Shellmer DA, DeVito Dabbs A, Dew MA, et al. Cognitive and adaptive functioning after liver transplantation for maple syrup urine disease: a case series. Pediatr Transplant, 2011.PMID 20946191
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