O&G SAQs · Sexual and reproductive health
Sexual dysfunction and dyspareunia — structured SAQ (15 marks)
FRANZCOG-format SAQ on classification, biopsychosocial assessment, PLISSIT and management of GSM-associated superficial dyspareunia with secondary low desire.
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FRANZCOGMRCOGABOG
Prompt
You are seeing a 54-year-old woman in a general gynaecology clinic. She reports two years of superficial dyspareunia, vaginal dryness and reduced desire since menopause. She has no postcoital bleeding. Examination is acceptable with consent: pale, smooth vaginal mucosa and mild pelvic-floor tenderness. (a) Classify sexual dysfunction and locate her symptoms. (4 marks) (b) Describe your biopsychosocial assessment and examination. (4 marks) (c) Outline a stepwise management plan, including GSM treatment and psychosexual care. (5 marks) (d) State two safety-netting or referral points. (2 marks)
How this SAQ is marked
Write short labelled points. The examiner rewards a safe, specific assessment and a matched plan; a list of drugs without a mechanism does not score. [1]
Model answer and per-sub-part mark schemeShowHide
(a) Classification and symptom location — 4 marks
- One mark: state the four practical symptom domains: desire, arousal, orgasmic and genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorders. [1]
- One mark: locate her dominant problem as superficial/entry dyspareunia, with clinical GSM features.
- One mark: identify reduced desire as possibly secondary to pain, dryness and menopause; do not label primary HSDD before assessing contributors.
- One mark: record acquired/generalized or situational pattern and personal distress/impairment; a partner mismatch alone is not a disorder. [1]
(b) Biopsychosocial assessment and examination — 4 marks
- History, one mark: onset and timeline; pain site, trigger, severity, after-pain and cyclicity; desire/arousal/orgasm; sexual practices and contraception/pregnancy intentions.
- Body, one mark: menopause and lactation status, childbirth/perineal trauma, pelvic surgery, infection symptoms, endometriosis symptoms, chronic pain, medicines, mood, sleep and medical disease.
- Context and safety, one mark: relationship and communication, body image, trauma, coercion/intimate partner violence; ask privately and use permission-based language.
- Examination, one mark: consent and chaperone; external inspection, cotton-bud mapping, single-digit pelvic-floor tone/tenderness, speculum and bimanual examination only when indicated and accepted. [4]
(c) Stepwise management — 5 marks
- One mark: validate, explain GSM and pain–guarding, stop irritants, advise non-painful intimacy and generous lubricant during activity; regular moisturiser for baseline dryness. [2][3]
- One mark: use PLISSIT: permission, limited information, specific suggestions and intensive therapy referral when required.
- One mark: if symptoms persist and no contraindication, offer low-dose vaginal oestrogen according to local Australian product information; review response and ongoing need. [3]
- One mark: refer for pelvic-floor physiotherapy focused on relaxation/down-training and for CBT or psychosexual therapy addressing fear, avoidance, mood, intimacy and communication. [4]
- One mark: review medication and medical contributors; do not use systemic testosterone unless a specialist assessment confirms postmenopausal HSDD after other contributors are addressed and monitoring is arranged. [1]
(d) Safety-net and referral — 2 marks
- One mark: urgent reassessment for postcoital or postmenopausal bleeding, lesion, discharge/fever, mass, urinary retention or escalating deep pain.
- One mark: refer to vulval pain, sexual-health, menopause, endometriosis, pelvic-floor or oncology services according to findings; involve oncology in persistent GSM after breast cancer. [3]
Common errors that lose marks
- Calling all low desire “HSDD” without assessing pain, mood, medication and relationship context.
- Treating superficial pain as endometriosis without examining the vulva and vestibule.
- Performing an intimate examination without consent, explanation or a stop signal.
- Recommending pelvic-floor strengthening when the muscles are tender and overactive.
- Giving a blanket vaginal-oestrogen prescription without checking unexplained bleeding and breast-cancer context.
Examiner notes
This case tests distinction between symptom domains, non-linear sexual response, a patient-led biopsychosocial assessment, PLISSIT and safe GSM management. Credit equivalent clear language. Do not require a specific questionnaire. The candidate should explicitly state that the patient's goal and distress guide treatment.
References4ShowHide
- [1]Basson R Human sexual response Handb Clin Neurol, 2015.PMID 26003236
- [2]Portman DJ, Gass MLS Genitourinary syndrome of menopause: new terminology for vulvovaginal atrophy from the International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health and the North American Menopause Society Menopause, 2014.PMID 25179577
- [3]The 2020 genitourinary syndrome of menopause position statement of The North American Menopause Society The 2020 genitourinary syndrome of menopause position statement of The North American Menopause Society Menopause, 2020.PMID 32852449
- [4]Bornstein J, Goldstein AT, Stockdale CK, et al. 2015 ISSVD, ISSWSH, and IPPS Consensus Terminology and Classification of Persistent Vulvar Pain and Vulvodynia J Sex Med, 2016.PMID 27045260