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O&G CasesReproductive endocrinology & infertility

O&G Cases · Reproductive endocrinology & infertility

Severe OHSS after egg collection — emergency management station

Team-based emergency station: severe OHSS after IVF. Tests parallel resuscitation, recognition of the OHSS severity triad, fluid and thrombosis management, paracentesis decision, dopamine for oligo-anuria, and patient-centred communication with a frightened partner. Includes assessor key and marking domains.

resus4 min readVerification in progress

Target exams

FRANZCOGMRCOGABOGFRCSCMRCPI
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Target exams

FRANZCOGMRCOGABOGFRCSCMRCPI
Prompt
A 32-year-old woman with PCOS presents to the emergency department six days after oocyte retrieval for IVF. She has abdominal distension, nausea, decreased urine output, and breathlessness on lying flat. Observations: HR 118 bpm, BP 102/64 mmHg, RR 24, SpO₂ 94% on air, temperature 37.2 °C. Examination: abdomen distended with shifting dullness; legs not swollen. Urine dipstick: specific gravity 1.030, no protein, no leucocytes. Bedside ultrasound: ovaries 14 cm bilaterally with free fluid in the pelvis and abdomen. Her partner is at the bedside and asks repeatedly, 'Is she going to be alright?'

Station brief

Format. Emergency management station, approximately 12 minutes. You are the on-call gynaecology registrar in the emergency department. The patient has just arrived with a referral letter from the IVF clinic six days after egg collection. A senior nurse is with you; the gynaecology consultant is 20 minutes away and has been called. The assessor will run the clock and feed you new observations. [12]

Candidate instruction. Lead the assessment and management of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Verbalise your severity grading, your fluid and thrombosis plan, your paracentesis decision, your thresholds for escalation, and your communication with the patient and her partner. [12]

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References10ShowHide
  1. [1]Youssef MA, Van der Veen F, Al-Inany HG. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist versus HCG for oocyte triggering in antagonist-assisted reproductive technology. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014.PMID 25358904
  2. [8]Haahr T, Roque M, Esteves SC, Humaidan P. GnRH Agonist Trigger and LH Activity Luteal Phase Support versus hCG Trigger and Conventional Luteal Phase Support in Fresh Embryo Transfer IVF/ICSI Cycles-A Systematic PRISMA Review and Meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2017.PMID 28638367
  3. [9]Leathersich S, Roche C, Hart R. Minimising OHSS in women with PCOS. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 2025.PMID 40182629
  4. [10]Mizrachi Y, Horowitz E, Farhi J. Ovarian stimulation for freeze-all IVF cycles: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update, 2020.PMID 31867625
  5. [2]Zaat T, Zagers M, Mol F, Goddijn M, van Wely M, Mastenbroek S. Fresh versus frozen embryo transfers in assisted reproduction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2021.PMID 33539543
  6. [6]Sunderam S, Kissin DM, Zhang Y, Jewett A, Boulet SL, Warner L, et al. Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance - United States, 2018. MMWR Surveill Summ, 2022.PMID 35176012
  7. [11]Ganer Herman H, Feferkorn I, Dahan MH, Reinblatt S, Demirtas E, Buckett W. A meta-analysis and systematic review of advanced maternal age patients in IVF. Hum Reprod Update, 2025.PMID 40803331
  8. [4]Malizia BA, Hacker MR, Penzias AS. Cumulative live-birth rates after in vitro fertilization. N Engl J Med, 2009.PMID 19144939
  9. [12]Kwik M, Karia S, Boothroyd C. RANZCOG CREI Consensus Statement on treatment of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 2015.PMID 26279582
  10. [14]Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Prevention and treatment of moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a guideline. Fertil Steril, 2016.PMID 27678032
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