ICU SAQs · Mechanical ventilation
Respiratory mechanics: compliance, resistance and the time constant
A First-Part basic-science question testing the applied physics of ventilation — the definitions and units of compliance and resistance, the time constant (τ = R × C), and how these determine inspiratory and expiratory timing, air-trapping and the pressure–volume curve.
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Prompt
Define compliance and resistance in the respiratory system. Explain the concept of the time constant and describe its relevance to setting the mechanical ventilator.
Question
Define compliance and resistance in the respiratory system. Explain the concept of the time constant and describe its relevance to setting the mechanical ventilator.
References3ShowHide
- [1]Bersten AD, Soni N (eds). Oh's Intensive Care Manual. 8th edition, Elsevier, 2018.
- [2]Marino PL. The ICU Book. 4th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014.
- [3]Dreyfuss D, et al. High Inflation Pressure Pulmonary Edema. Respective Effects of High Airway Pressure, High Tidal Volume, and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure. American Review of Respiratory Disease, 1988.PMID 3057957