Gen Surg Cases · trauma
Field P2 Sort arrival who deteriorates at the door — re-triage, secondary workup, and hospital flow under load
Fellowship clinical-management station on hospital-door re-triage: Sort-negative deterioration, shock-index upgrade, TASC sequencing, Mumbai-model door organisation.
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Study tools
Target exams
FRACSFRCS(Gen Surg)ABSFRCSC
Prompt
A 44-year-old woman from an explosion arrives labelled field P2 (Sieve): walking wounded at the scene, now systolic 96, heart rate 128, respiratory rate 26, GCS 14, cool peripheries. Six more casualties are inbound and one theatre is free. The candidate must re-triage at the door, run the secondary assessment with the Sort-versus-shock-index numbers, set the operative priority with the TASC boundary, and organise the door with the published throughput numbers.
Expected management
- Re-triage on arrival, never honour the field label: door accuracy is 61% with 18% of life-threats missed and re-triage used in only 4% — her new hypotension and tachycardia make her P1 until proven otherwise.[26]
- Run the secondary numbers: her Sort inputs (GCS 14, systolic 96, RR 26) sit in Sort territory, but the Sort finds 15.7% of LSI need with 84.3% undertriage — while her shock index is 1.33, far above the 0.75 cut that reached 70.0% sensitivity against the Sort at 58.6%.[3][16]
- Upgrade and sequence: no triage algorithm is provably superior in all aspects, so clinical deterioration plus shock index upgrades her to the free theatre — first patients bleed from trunk and cavities, and the index operation stops bleeding and controls contamination only.[10][12]
- Hold the door: convert receiving into a triage zone with streamed stations and 8-hourly rotations — the Mumbai model that triaged 163 and delivered 194 operations in 127 admitted.[14]
- Name the evidence gap honestly: hospital triage rests on six MEDLINE studies with real-world application insufficiently studied — so the exercised local plan is the intervention, with in-house exercises and regular plan testing behind it.[27][10]
Examiner traps
- Accepting the field P2 against new hypotension — the 84.3% Sort undertriage exists for exactly this patient.[3]
- Ordering definitive surgery first while six inbound wait — TASC serves the situation, not the patient.[12]
- Skipping re-triage of the walking wounded behind her — 61% door accuracy means the next arrival is mislabelled too.[26]
References7ShowHide
- [3]Vassallo J, Smith J Major incident triage and the evaluation of the Triage Sort as a secondary triage method. Emerg Med J, 2019.PMID 30877263
- [10]Suda AJ, Franke A, Hertwig M, et al. Management of mass casualty incidents: a systematic review and clinical practice guideline update. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2025.PMID 39792184
- [12]Bieler D, Franke A, Kollig E, et al. Terrorist attacks: common injuries and initial surgical management. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2020.PMID 32342113
- [14]Bhandarwar AH, Bakhshi GD, Tayade MB, et al. Surgical response to the 2008 Mumbai terror attack. Br J Surg, 2012.PMID 22139597
- [16]Vassallo J, Horne S, Ball S, et al. Usefulness of the Shock Index as a secondary triage tool. J R Army Med Corps, 2015.PMID 24794704
- [26]Kleber C, Cwojdzinski D, Strehl M, et al. Results of in-hospital triage in 17 mass casualty trainings: underestimation of life-threatening injuries and need for re-triage. Am J Disaster Med, 2013.PMID 23716369
- [27]Abdul-Nabi SS, Hitti E A review of mass casualty incident triage tools for hospital-based triage. Turk J Emerg Med, 2025.PMID 41104363